How many chromosomes do different organisms have? Detailed answer

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How many chromosomes do different organisms have? Detailed answer

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How many chromosomes do different organisms have?

Carriers of heredity - chromosomes - have different numbers in different organisms. A person has 46 of them (2 x 23), a chicken and a dog have 78 each, a horse has 66, a carp has 104. Plants have much fewer of them: raspberries have 14, turnips have 18.

Author: Mendeleev V.A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Why did one pilot land the plane twice right next to New York bars?

In 1956, Thomas Fitzpatrick got drunk in a New York bar and bet he could get here from New Jersey in 15 minutes. He went to New Jersey, hijacked a small plane from a flight school, and, without lights or radio, landed neatly in front of a bar. Fitzpatrick got off lightly - he was stripped of his pilot's license and fined only $100 because the owner of the plane did not press charges. This did not stop him from repeating the same thing two years later, when in another establishment the bartender refused to believe in the veracity of the story. To prove it, Fitzpatrick hijacked another plane from the same school and again successfully landed it in New York, but this time the court gave him six months in prison.

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In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

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Random news from the Archive

Invisibility cloak for solar panels 13.07.2017

The invisibility cloak from the Harry Potter universe has a very real analogue - materials that bend the streams of light directed at them and thus create optical disguise. Scientists at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in Germany have used such material to create a prototype solar panel with a special coating that masks the metal contacts that draw the generated current.

Despite the fact that metal strips on solar panels play a very important role, they also have a significant disadvantage - they reduce the absorbing surface of the panel and reduce its efficiency by about 10%. In their competition with fossil fuels, solar cells need to become as efficient as possible in order to reduce their production costs, Schumann said. For testing, the scientists assembled a single polymer-coated panel in the lab. After that, they etched recesses in it, which made it possible to avoid scattering of light around the contact elements.

The metal contacts placed on the prototype panel cover 6% of its total surface area. After they equipped the panel with a masking coating, its energy absorption efficiency not only increased by the missing 6%, but also increased by another 9% overall. This is due to the fact that some of the light that was not absorbed by the panel is now not scattered, but reflected and "trapped". Sooner or later, the panel will absorb it too.

Gerhard Peharz, an Austrian engineer at Joanneum Research, says it's a very valuable invention, but it will run into problems over time. According to the specialist, the use of a polymer coating will lead to the formation of depressions and grooves in it, in which dust blocking light will accumulate. In addition, ultraviolet radiation will gradually break down the polymer over time, reducing its effectiveness. Pehartz says the idea itself is very promising, but the first step is to develop a polymer that can withstand at least 20 years of constant outdoor use in the Arizona desert.

Schumann recognizes this shortcoming in his invention. He assures that the current development is only a laboratory prototype, and not a working draft of the model. In the future, he wants to try an experiment with a glass dome that would protect the camouflage from dust. It is not yet clear exactly how this might affect efficiency.

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