What is the difference between a hovercraft and a hydrofoil? Detailed answer

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What is the difference between a hovercraft and a hydrofoil? Detailed answer

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What is the difference between a hovercraft and a hydrofoil?

Hovercraft ride without touching the water, due to the air pumped under the bottom. The propellers, due to which such vessels move, are located on the hull of the vessel, above the water. Modern amphibious ships that can walk on water, land, swamp and ice are hovercraft.

A hydrofoil has wings under the bottom. When a ship is stationary, it is kept afloat, like all ordinary ships and boats, by the power of Archimedes. But on the move, the wings create lift, and the ship rises above the water. Those who went to Petrodvorets on the "Rocket" sailed on a hydrofoil. The largest ships of this type can carry up to 250 passengers.

And why do you need to raise the ship above the water? To reduce its resistance and increase its speed. After all, an ordinary ship has a draft - it is partially submerged in water, which prevents its movement and reduces its speed.

Author: Cellarius E.Yu.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

When was the washing machine invented?

Washing machines are known to everyone, but for many they are still a luxury item. Before there were washing machines, laundry at home was washed in a wooden or galvanized tub. It was rubbed on a corrugated washboard. The clothes were then wrung out and hung on a line to dry. One of the first washing machines was built by Hamilton Smith of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1858. This machine was controlled by a crank that rotated the blades located inside the tub.

There was another washing machine that simulated washing on a washboard. But all these machines were not successful. Linen often became tangled, knotted or torn. In 1907, a washing machine with a motor was invented. By 1912, almost all household washing machines were powered by electricity.

The tanks of the first washing machines were made of wood. Then they began to be made of metal: copper, galvanized steel, aluminum and zinc. By 1961, virtually all tubs were coated with porcelain enamel, as these machines could withstand strong detergents and any water temperature.

The stirrer was invented in 1922. Most of them were a cone with several fins at the lower end. The stirrer stirred the laundry from top to bottom and from side to side. The fully automated washing machine appeared in 1937. Most washing machines wash 3-4 kilograms of laundry. They consume about 150 liters of water per wash, and the water temperature is maintained at 55-70 degrees. The first working dryer was made in 1930. The combination washing machine with spin was first introduced to the market in 1953.

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Mini Electric 11.07.2019

The German automaker BMW has introduced a serial electric car Mini Electric (Mini Cooper SE). The novelty is based on the ICE version of the model, so the design, dimensions, interior design and other characteristics are almost identical (with a few exceptions). For example, the height of an electric car is only 18 mm higher, and the weight is only 145 kg more.

The three-door, front-wheel-drive Mini Electric received a BMW-designed electric motor with 135 kW (184 hp) and 270 Nm of torque. Acceleration from 0 to 60 km / h takes 3,9 seconds, from 0 to 100 km / h - 7,3 seconds, top speed is limited to 150 km / h.

The driver has four efficiency modes (Standard, Sport, GREEN and GREEN+) and two levels of recuperation settings that allow you to choose a driving mode in which just one accelerator pedal is enough to control the dynamics.

The T-shaped battery is integrated into the floor (it is located between the front and under the rear seats, which made it possible to save legroom), it is assembled from 12 modules with a total capacity of 32,6 kWh.

A full charge of the battery is enough to cover from 235 to 270 km (WLTP) depending on driving style and road conditions. The battery supports high-speed charging up to 50 kW, in this mode, 80% of the capacity is gained in 35 minutes. The charging connector is located above the rear right wheel.

Standard equipment includes LED headlights, 5,5-inch digital instrument cluster, dual-zone air conditioning, heat pump-based interior heating, electric parking brake, and 6,5-inch Connected Navigation (Connected Navigation package available as an option). Plus with 8,8-inch screen).

The Mini Electric will be assembled in November this year in the UK, at the same plant in Oxford where the ICE version is assembled. The cost of an electric car, taking into account benefits, starts at $30400, the first deliveries to customers will take place in early 2020.

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