How is copper mined? Detailed answer

BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Free library / Directory / Big encyclopedia for children and adults

How is copper mined? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education

Did you know?

How are copper mined?

Copper is one of the most common and most useful metals. It exists in nature in two forms: as natural copper (the metal itself) and in the form of an ore (in combination with other elements). More than 160 types of ores containing copper are known. About half of the world's copper reserves are contained in a mineral called copper pyrites - chalcopyrite. This ore is composed of copper, iron and sulfur. It contains 34,5 percent copper.

One of the richest ores in copper is copper luster - chalcocite. It contains about 80 percent copper. The first stage in the processing of copper ore is grinding it into powder. The crushed ore enters the water tankers. They are filled with water with a layer of oily liquid on top. Compressed air is supplied to the base of the tanker. Air and oily liquid form foam on the surface of the water, and metal particles of ore cling to this foam. The next step is to heat the ore to burn off the sulfur. After the sulfur is removed, the remaining ore is melted down, chemically treated to remove the iron.

Finally, the ore is sent to the converter in order to remove the remaining impurities with air. The metal remains pure and contains 98% copper. For use in industry, it is subjected to additional processing. This is usually done electrically. The final product contains 99,9% copper. Copper was probably one of the first metals to be used by man because it could be found in its purest form, not mixed with other minerals.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Who is the author of the microscope?

The word "microscope" is a combination of two Greek words: "micros" (small) and "skopos" (observer). Thus, "microscope" means "observer of the small". This is a device used to see tiny objects invisible to the naked eye.

Usually an object appears larger the closer it is brought to the human eye. But if you bring it closer than 25 centimeters, it becomes unclear. Then they say it's out of focus. What if a convex lens is placed between the eye and the object? Then it can be brought to the eye closer than 25 centimeters, and it will be in focus.

Today we describe it simply as "using a magnifying glass". But ordinary magnifying glasses are really "simple microscopes" and have been known as such since time immemorial. So when we talk about the invention of the microscope, we really mean "compound microscope". At present, we only mean it when we talk about a microscope.

What is a "compound microscope"? In this type of microscope, magnification occurs in two stages thanks to two lenses. One of them, called the "lens", creates the original magnified image. The other, the "eyepiece", enlarges the first image.

In fact, there are several lenses in current microscopes, used for the objective as well as for the eyepiece. But the main thing is that all these microscopes are based on the principle of two-stage image magnification. The compound microscope was discovered sometime between 1510 and 1610. There is no exact information about the author of this discovery, and it is usually attributed to Galileo. Sometimes the "father of the microscope" is called the Danish scientist Leeuwenhoek, but this is due to many of his discoveries that he made using this device.

Leeuwenhoek showed that weevils, fleas and other small creatures hatch from eggs and are not "self-generating". He was the first to see such microscopic life forms as single-celled organisms and bacteria. With the help of a microscope he built with his own hands, he was the first to see the process of complete blood circulation.

Today it is difficult for a person to do without a microscope in almost any branch of science and industry.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

▪ What question did the Sphinx ask the passing Thebans, and who taught her this question?

▪ Why does hair turn gray with age?

▪ Which village is divided in two by a border?

See other articles Section Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

Advanced Infrared Microscope 02.05.2024

Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>

Air trap for insects 01.05.2024

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>

Random news from the Archive

TV Samsung UN105S9W for $120000 28.07.2014

Samsung Electronics, the world's largest TV manufacturer, has begun accepting bids for one of the world's most expensive TVs, the Samsung UN105S9W. Announced at CES 2014 in January, the model features a 105-inch curved display with a resolution of 5120 x 2160 pixels, 5,3 times more than Full HD and 1,3 times more than Ultra HD ( 4K).

Previously, Samsung has already explained why they produce TVs with concave screens. According to company representatives, such a screen allows you to get more vivid impressions due to the equal distance of all points of the image from the viewer's eyes.

The model has LED backlighting with local dimming technology, is equipped with four HDMI ports, Smart TV technology and a built-in 5.1W DTS Premium Sound 160 multi-channel speaker system. Also available: Wi-Fi support, four USB ports, 3D support. A 4-core processor is responsible for controlling the functions of the TV.

The cost of new items in the US is $120 thousand (about i 4,2 million). Western media note that with this money you can buy a house or a Porsche Carrera 4S Cabriolet 2014 sports car with a 400 hp engine, with a maximum speed of 293 km/h and acceleration time to 100 km/h - 4,5 s. The cost of such a car in the US market is $ 118 thousand.

It should be noted that the UN105S9W does not hold the title of the most expensive TV in the world. In March 2014, Samsung announced the price of a 110-inch TV at $150. This model has a flat screen with a resolution of 3820 x 2160 pixels. It was presented at CES in January 2013.

Those who are not ready to part with $120 can wait for the LG 105UC9 TV to start selling. It also has a 105-inch curved display. The resolution of its matrix is 3820 x 2160 pixels. The cost of this model is $70, which is $50 cheaper than Samsung's offer.

Other interesting news:

▪ Robots have been taught to be curious

▪ Intel neuromorphic nose

▪ Moderate noise is also harmful

▪ The train goes on the water

▪ Biometric bank card Mastercard

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Note to the student. Article selection

▪ article Fragment of the empire. Popular expression

▪ article Is it true that a person yawns only when he is tired? Detailed answer

▪ article carob tree. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article Trip computer for electric bike. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Umbrella and balloon. Focus secret

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews