How is water made drinkable? Detailed answer

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How is water made drinkable? Detailed answer

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How is water made drinkable?

First, why should water be made drinkable? Why can't we drink it the way it happens in nature? The reason is that it is hardly possible to find truly pure water these days. The purest source of water is snow, the next in purity is rainwater, but dissolved gases from the air and traces of carbon dioxide, chlorides, sulfates, nitrates and ammonia can already be found in it. Even the water of mountain streams and lakes can contain inorganic salts. The water of rivers and lakes in the lowlands is usually very heavily polluted.

Spring and well water is filtered by the earth, and therefore it is quite clean, but it may also contain inorganic salts. It turns out that any water that we drink must be pre-purified to one degree or another. There are many ways to do this. One of them just sucks. When water is stored in a tank, some processes take place. Solid harmful substances settle to the bottom, that is, there is a process called chemists called precipitation. Also, during the sludge, many bacteria are neutralized. But the sludge method does not guarantee complete cleaning.

For better precipitation of harmful substances, chemicals are added to the water. In addition, water can be aerated to eliminate tastes and odors and gases dissolved in it. It has long been discovered that if water is filtered by passing it through sand, it can be purified not only from dirt, but also from almost all bacteria. Various methods have been developed for filtering water with sand, including at high speed.

The generally accepted method of water purification is cheap, fast and effective chlorination. Two kilograms of bleach is added to four million liters of water. This is quite enough to destroy most of the dangerous bacteria contained in the input.

Author: Likum A.

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Champagne for astronauts 24.10.2022

French winery GH Mumm, after five years of development and testing, has introduced the world's first champagne that can be drunk in zero gravity. A bottle of sparkling Mumm Cordon Rouge Stellar will travel to the International Space Station in 2023 with the Axiom Space crew.

In champagne there are notes of ripe yellow fruits, peach, dried fruit, hazelnut and praline, hints of vanilla and baking. Wine fully complies with the requirements of the French National Center for Space Research. The price of the drink has not yet been determined.

The Mumm Cordon Rouge Stellar bottle is coated with a protective layer of aircraft-grade aluminum. The stopper is held by a special stainless steel valve. When pressed, it releases a ball of champagne.

The drink comes out in the form of foam. It can be caught in zero gravity in a small glass with a long stem - it looks like a poacher.

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