How do we hear different sounds? Detailed answer

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How do we hear different sounds? Detailed answer

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How do we hear different sounds?

All sounds are produced by vibrating objects, that is, objects that make rapid forward motions. This vibration causes the molecules in the air to move, which causes the molecules in their vicinity to move, and soon the molecules in the air begin to move forward, producing what we call sound waves.

But the vibrations are different, and they produce different sounds. Sounds differ from each other in three main characteristics: loudness, pitch and tonality. The loudness of the sound depends on the distance between the vibrating object and the human ear, as well as on the amplitude of the vibrations of the vibrating object. The greater the scope of this movement, the louder the sound will be. The pitch of the sound depends on the speed of vibration (frequency) of the sounding object.

Tonality depends on the number and strength of the overtones present in the sound. This happens when high and low sounds are mixed. We won't hear anything until the sound wave passes through the ear opening and reaches the eardrum. The tympanic membrane acts like the surface of the drum and causes the three small bones in the middle ear to move in time with the sound. As a result, fluid begins to move in the inner ear.

The sound waves move the liquid, and the small hair cells in the liquid also begin to move. These hair cells convert movement into nerve impulses that travel to the brain, and the brain recognizes them as sound. But different sounds also produce different movements in our ear, which lead to different nerve impulses entering the brain, which leads to the fact that we hear different sounds!

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is the normal state of the glass?

Solid.

You may have heard more than once that glass is a liquid that has cooled but not crystallized and that simply flows fantastically slowly. This is not true - glass bona fide (Really, truly (lat.).) is hard.

In support of claims that glass is a liquid, people often cite church stained-glass windows as an example: they point to the lower part of the window, where the glass is thicker.

However, the reason here is not at all that the glass has flowed down over time. Medieval glaziers sometimes simply could not cast perfectly uniform glass sheets. In such cases, they inserted the glass into the stained glass window with a thick edge to the floor - for obvious reasons.

The confusion about whether glass is a liquid or a solid arose from a misreading of the work of the German physicist Gustav Tammann (1861 - 1938), who studied the properties of glass and described its behavior as it solidified.

According to Tammann's observations, the molecular structure of glass is disordered - in contrast to the clear and neat arrangement of molecules, say, in metals.

Looking for an analogy, the scientist compared glass to a "supercooled liquid." But to say that glass is like a liquid does not mean that glass is a liquid.

Today, solids are divided into crystalline and amorphous. Glass is an amorphous solid.

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