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BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Who are the Aztecs? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? Who are the Aztecs? The Aztecs were one of the most highly developed and influential peoples who inhabited America in antiquity. They lived in the valley where the city of Mexico City, the capital of Mexico, is now located. By the time of the appearance of European travelers and colonialists, the history of this Indian tribe had already spanned many centuries. The standard of living of the Aztecs during the period of prosperity reached the same height as that of many European nations. They have learned to imprint their history in stone. They built temples, towers, houses from well-worked rocks. They reached significant heights in the field of legislation and government, had considerable knowledge of astronomy and developed various types of arts and crafts. They were kind and generous people in their own way. They loved nature, especially birds and flowers, and were great fans of music, dance, various games and literature. The Aztecs managed to rise above other tribes due to their military victories. Often they waged wars with the aim of capturing enemies and sacrificing them to the gods. This custom of human sacrifice shocked the newcomers from Europe, who had such rituals in the distant past. Another name for the Aztec tribe was Mexico. From this word, or from the name of one of their gods, the name of Mexico came about. In 1325, 167 years before Columbus first met the Indians, the Aztecs, according to their legends, began the construction of the capital of their state - the city of Tenochtitlan. Later, it became the center of the Spanish colonies in the north of Latin America, and then the capital of the Mexican Republic - Mexico City. No one knows where the Aztecs came from. Legends and traditions indicate that they came from the north. They may have reached the Valley of Mexico in the XNUMXth or XNUMXth century. In those days they called themselves the Tenokkami. The Toltec tribe, who then lived in the valley and reached a fairly high level in their development, treated them as foreign barbarians. Therefore, it was difficult for the Aztecs to settle in a new place, but over time they achieved great power and subjugated other tribes that lived in the valley. Author: Likum A.
What is poliomyelitis? Poliomyelitis is one of the most dangerous diseases, which is the cause of many discussions. In fact, the danger of polio is commensurate with the damage it causes. Poliomyelitis is the name for childhood paralysis. The disease may have the character of epidemic outbreaks, but only isolated cases are currently recorded. People of all ages are susceptible to polio, but the disease is more common in children under 7 years of age. Of the large number of people diagnosed with polio, few are seriously ill. The most common type of polio has a latent painless period of 1-2 days. Headache, fever, throat irritation, indigestion occur, but no paralysis. There is at least a chance in 100 that a doctor will diagnose a serious form of polio. Among the identified cases of polio, half of patients recover completely, 30% have moderate consequences, 14% have more severe paralysis, and 6% may die. There is only one chance in 156 of catching polio in the first 20 years of life. Poliomyelitis is caused by three different viruses. A virus is a pathogen so small that it can pass through filters that trap bacteria. A virus can only live in living cells. When the polio virus enters the body, it travels through nerves and blood to the spinal cord and brain. The virus develops in the cells of the gray matter of the spinal cord. These nerve cells then swell and change. After these destructive changes, the muscles controlled by the affected part of the nervous system are paralyzed. If the cells recover, the muscles can move again. But if the virus kills the nerve cells, then the muscles connected to those cells are paralyzed forever. There are several types of poliomyelitis. It depends on the part of the body affected by the infection. Spinal poliomyelitis affects the cells of the spinal cord. Bulbar polio affects part of the brain and can paralyze the respiratory muscles. Many lives have been saved thanks to the "iron lungs", which mechanically perform the respiratory actions of the patient. Today, everyone can be sure that the threat of polio is eliminated. Dr. Jonas Salk has developed a vaccine that has protected millions of people from polio infection. It was one of the greatest medical discoveries that stood up to protect the health of people and the security of the world.
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