Why is it warmer in summer than in winter? Detailed answer

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Why is it warmer in summer than in winter? Detailed answer

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Why is it warmer in summer than in winter?

Isn't it strange: when winter reigns in the northern hemisphere, the Earth is closer to the Sun by 4 km than when it is summer there. The fact is that in this case, the weather is determined not by the distance from our planet to the Sun, but by the tilt of the earth's axis in relation to the plane of the earth's orbit. The angle of this inclination is 500 degrees.

The earth revolves around the sun in such a way that its axis is always directed towards the North Star. Therefore, for one half of the year, the North Pole of the earth leans towards the Sun, and for the rest it deviates from it. In the first case, summer reigns in the Northern Hemisphere, in the second - winter. In the South, of course, the opposite is true.

The weather in a particular region of the earth depends on the angle at which the sun's rays fall on a given area of the earth's surface. In winter, the low sun illuminates the earth with gliding rays, and in summer they fall vertically. Glancing rays heat the Earth's surface less for two reasons.

First, because the same amount of heat is distributed over a larger area in winter than in summer. Secondly, in this case, the rays pass through a thicker layer of air in the Earth's atmosphere, which leads to large losses of their thermal energy. The climate is determined not only by the amount of heat entering a particular part of the Earth's surface from the Sun, but also by other factors.

For example, in the expanses of the seas and in the areas adjacent to them, temperature changes with the change of seasons are not so great. On the contrary, in the depths of the continents, the difference between the temperature in winter and summer is much more significant. This is due to the fact that the earth cools and heats up much faster than water.

Another factor that affects the weather is the difference in altitude above sea level. As altitude increases, air density decreases, and hence its ability to retain heat. As a result, the climate in the mountainous regions is much colder than in the plains.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How do male and female hunting falcons, who consider the breeder as their sexual partner, mate?

Sexual imprinting is a mechanism of imprinting by animals at the earliest stage of image development, which then becomes a guideline when choosing a partner for mating. When breeding hunting falcons, the person himself becomes the object of imprinting for birds. To produce new offspring, the breeder allows the male to "mate" with a special hat on his head, equipped with pockets for collecting semen. Then a female is selected, who, if necessary, is offered food determined by the ritual of courtship, and the breeder performs fertilization by injecting semen through a syringe or pipette.

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