When did the piano originate? Detailed answer

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When did the piano originate? Detailed answer

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When did the piano originate?

With the exception of the organ, the piano is the most complex instrument. In general, its real name is pianoforte, which means "quietly loudly." This name comes from the fact that the piano can produce sounds of different pitches and strengths. The piano evolved from a very simple instrument called the monochord. It was a box with a single string that had intervals on the scale marked on it. Around 1000 AD e. Guido d'Arezzo invented the movable bridge for the monochord, added keys and strings.

The instrument he created was in use until the 4th century. Later it acquired another form - the clavichord. The sound on the clavichord was obtained from the vibration of the strings under the influence of copper needles. Closely related to the instrument mentioned above is the spinet. It was an oblong instrument with a range of XNUMX octaves. Its strings were set in motion by plucking or picking.

A well-known XNUMXth-century instrument was called the harpsichord. It is larger than the clavichord and spinet and has two keyboards. Reminds me of a grand piano. The strings were set in motion with the help of small feathers.

The real difference that sets these instruments apart from the piano is the action of the hammers. It was the invention of Bartolomeo Cristofori in 1709. The action of the hammers helped to get rid of the scratching sound, which could not be avoided in more primitive instruments. By the time of Mozart and Beethoven, the piano had become a popular instrument. Beethoven was the first composer to benefit most from the piano: his music calls for lower, deeper, more powerful piano sounds.

Author: Likum A.

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Icebergs are formed as a result of breaking off (under the influence of hydrostatic water pressure, tides, currents and wind) the ends of glaciers descending into the water. The main "suppliers" of icebergs, and the largest ones, are the ice shelves of Antarctica and the northern islands of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, as well as the Greenland ice cap.

Depending on the density of ice and water, 1/10 to 1/6 of the volume of an iceberg is on the surface. But even this above-water part has an average height of 70 meters (Arctic) to 100 meters (Antarctic). Under the influence of uneven melting, icebergs capsize from time to time.

Greenland icebergs are carried by currents up to 40-50 degrees north latitude, and in some cases even further south. Antarctic icebergs reach 45-60 degrees south latitude, in 1894 they were observed even in the tropical zone.

Collision with icebergs has been the cause of the death of many ships, the most famous of which is the passenger liner Titanic, which sank in 1912.

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