Why do we need calcium? Detailed answer

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Why do we need calcium? Detailed answer

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Why do we need calcium?

The human body contains on average about three percent of calcium. Most of it is in the bones. Calcium is an integral part of bone structure. In fact, we can compare the structure of bone to reinforced concrete. Bones contain collagen fibers, which resemble the flexible metal wire found in reinforced concrete. Calcium is the base to which these bone fibers are attached. As a person ages, the amount of calcium in the bones changes.

During the first year, the bones of children contain little calcium, so they are very flexible. And children can endure various dislocations without fractures. By the age of 80, people's bones can be 80% calcium and break easily. Obviously, young children need to drink plenty of milk, as milk is an ideal calcium-rich food. A child's body needs calcium in abundance for bones. One quart (12,7 kg) of cow's milk contains about 2 g of calcium. Consumption of cheese, sour cream and cream also increase the amount of calcium in the body.

In areas where calcium is not readily available, people are more likely to have dental disease and bone fractures. A common cause of calcium deficiency occurs during the process of softening hard water by releasing calcium from it. Hard water prevents soap from lathering. Calcium in hard water reacts with acids and salts contained in soap, resulting in a poorly soluble composition.

The practice of isolating calcium from hard water also reflects badly on cooking with this water. If there is a small amount of calcium in the water, then during cooking there is a loss of part of the calcium. If the food is cooked in hard water, it contains a correspondingly higher amount of calcium.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What was the American reaction to the 1938 War of the Worlds radio show?

On October 30, 1938, a production of H. G. Wells' novel The War of the Worlds was broadcast in the United States on CBS radio as a parody of a report from the scene. Many listeners did not realize that they were being read a work of fiction, and they called the radio asking if there really was a Martian invasion. The next day, some newspapers wrote about mass panic on the streets of cities and crowds of refugees who left their homes. However, this was a big exaggeration - if numerous calls from individual frightened Americans took place, no mass psychosis was observed.

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Obesity impairs mental ability 20.09.2018

Overweight is not only a problem with metabolism, with the heart and blood vessels, it is also a problem with the brain. Obese people are known to have reduced mental capacity and are more likely to develop dementia and other brain-related disorders as they age.

Animal experiments have shown that microglial cells, which perform immune functions in the brain, protect nervous tissue from infections and cleanse it of unnecessary and dangerous molecular cellular debris, should be blamed here.
It turned out that during obesity, microglial cells eat so-called dendritic spines on neurons - special protrusions on the cell membrane, where the process-dendrite is ready to form a connection-synapse with another neuron.

Thus, microglia reduces the number of potential interneuronal contacts, and, consequently, the number of potential neural circuits. And as we know, cognitive functions - memory, learning ability, etc. - directly depend on the ability of nerve cells to form synapses.

Researchers at Princeton University have shown that preventing microglia from biting on dendritic outgrowths can improve cognitive function despite being obese. Eliza Cope (Elise Cope) and her colleagues suppressed the activity of microglial cells in various ways: either with special substances, or with the help of genetic modification, when the gene encoding the receptor was turned off in microglial cells, with which microglia look for dendrites to eat.

The obese mice that were treated with all this performed normally on memory tests, while the obese mice, in which microglia were not suppressed, deteriorated in memory. The authors of the work emphasize that microglia harmed the brain, regardless of what food the mice got fat on - the overweight itself was important. Obviously, some peculiarities of metabolism in an obese organism cause microglial cells to show unnecessary activity, and in the future it remains to be understood what exactly irritates microglia in obesity.

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