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BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
What are marsupials? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? What are marsupials? When European travelers entered the New World, they often brought with them what seemed strange and new to them. Thus, the South American opossum was brought from Brazil in 1500, and in 1770 Captain Cook spoke about kangaroos he saw in Australia. No one in Europe until that time knew about such animals - they were marsupials. Marsupials are a separate order of mammals. Their scientific name comes from the Greek word "marsupion", which means "bag". These animals are distinguished by the fact that after their birth they live and feed, being in a bag on the body of their mother. This is necessary because marsupials are so small and helpless at birth that they cannot take care of themselves. They don't even know how to eat. Even when they grow quite large, still young kangaroos and opossums run to hide in their mother's bag when something scares them. Judging by the fossils found in the mountains, marsupials were once common in all parts of the world. Nowadays, almost all of their species are found in Australia and on the islands adjacent to it. The only true marsupial living in the Americas is the different species of opossum. Australian marsupials come in a variety of forms, from tiny, mole-like, small creatures a few inches long to huge kangaroos. Some of them, like bandicoots, look like rabbits. Others, like wombats, look like beavers. And thylacines (or Tasmanian wolves) look like wolves. Marsupials can live on the ground or settle in trees like monkeys. Some of the couscous, which belong to the same family as the marsupials, can even fly from tree to tree like flying squirrels. Marsupials eat a very diverse diet. Some of them eat only vegetables, others eat insects or meat, and some even eat everything they can find. Author: Likum A.
Can carrots help you see in the dark? Yes, in general, not really. Carrots are a good source of vitamin A, a lack of which can lead to night (or "night") blindness, when the eye adapts to darkness very slowly. The inner shell of the eye (the retina) consists of many light-sensitive cells - the so-called rods and cones. Cones are responsible for detail and color, but need a lot of light to function properly (like a "hard" emulsion). Sticks, on the other hand, do not distinguish color at all, but they require much less light (as a "highly sensitive" emulsion), and therefore they are used for night vision. The sticks contain a light-sensitive substance called rhodopsin, the key element of which is vitamin A. The easiest way to cure night blindness is to increase the intake of vitamin A, which is most often obtained from carotene. Carotene is found in carrots, but even more so in apricots, dark-leafed vegetables (such as spinach), and blueberries. Still, improving normal night vision and correcting its shortcomings are two completely different things. Eating carrots in large quantities will not help you see better in the dark, the only result you will achieve is that your skin will turn orange. During World War II, English ace Captain John Cunningham (1917-2002) was nicknamed "Cat's Eye". His 604 Squadron fought exclusively at night. The British government spread a rumor that he could see in the dark because he ate huge amounts of carrots. This was deliberate misinformation to hide the fact that Cat's Eye Cunningham was actually testing a new (and top secret) airborne radar. It is unlikely that the Germans believed this fable and immediately pounced on carrots, but it helped convince an entire generation of English children to eat a vegetable whose supply remained stable throughout the war. It must be admitted that the government overdid it a little with the propaganda of carrots. Carrots have become "a priceless treasure dug up from their native British soil." The 1941 "carrot flan" recipe ("reminiscent of "apricot flan" but delicious in its own way") failed to fool anyone. Carrot jam and marmalade also failed to take its rightful place on the British kitchen table. But the Portuguese love carrot jam. This led to the fact that in 2002 the European Union transferred carrots to the category of fruits.
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