How did the caves appear? Detailed answer

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How did the caves appear? Detailed answer

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How did the caves appear?

Caves have long been associated with the history of human development. Even in the Stone Age, caves saved people from the winter cold.

But even after the ancient people stopped using the caves as dwellings, the caves were surrounded by an aura of the unusual and strange. The Greeks believed that the caves were the temples of their gods - Zeus, Pan, Dionysius and Pluto. In ancient Rome, it was believed that nymphs and sorceresses lived in caves. The ancient Persians and other peoples believed that the king of all earthly spirits, Mithras, lives in the caves.

Today, the vast and beautiful caves attract tourists. Caves are large voids within hills, mountains, and rocks.

Caves are formed in different ways. Some of them were formed as a result of the constant impact of sea waves on the rocks. Separate caves are located under water. They are usually the result of groundwater eroding soft rocks such as limestone. A number of caves were formed as a result of volcanic activity and rock movements or as a result of eruption of hot lava.

The bulk of the caves in the United States resulted from the destruction of significant layers of limestone, especially when exposed to water containing carbon dioxide. In the states of Indiana, Kentucky and Tennessee, many caves have formed in a layer of limestone with an average thickness of 53 meters.

Some caves have holes in the ceiling. They formed in the place where water once accumulated, which then broke into the cave. In the caves you can find rows of galleries going one above the other. Streams of water flow through some caves, in others - after their formation, the water goes down, and the cave dries up.

In many cases, every drop of water that falls from the ceiling of a cave contains particles of limestone or other minerals. The water evaporates and some of these minerals remain. Gradually, stalactites form, similar to icicles hanging from the ceiling. The water flowing down from the stalactites forms stalagmites on the floor.

Author: Likum A.

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