How did Cardinal Richelieu feel about universal education? Detailed answer

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How did Cardinal Richelieu feel about universal education? Detailed answer

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How did Cardinal Richelieu feel about universal education?

Cardinal Armand Jean du Plessis Richelieu (1585-1642), since 1624 the head of the state council and the de facto ruler of France, paid great attention to science and culture, but considered it necessary to keep them under the vigilant supervision of the state so that they would not go in an undesirable direction and spread in the people.

Here are his sayings: "Just as a body would be monstrous if it had eyes on all its parts, so would the state be monstrous if all its subjects were educated"; "the soldiers needed by the state are better brought up in the rudeness of ignorance than in the refinements of science"; "if knowledge were profaned among all sorts of wise men, then there would be more people in the state capable of expressing doubts than people capable of resolving them, and many would be more inclined to oppose truths than to defend them"; "in a well-organized state there should be more skillful artisans than masters of the liberal arts."

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How does silkworm spin silk?

Thousands of years ago, the Chinese learned the secret of making silk clothes from a beautiful linen spun by a special caterpillar in the manufacture of a cocoon. This secret was kept in the strictest confidence, and if someone exported a silkworm or its eggs from China, then he was sentenced to death.

Now, of course, silkworms are common not only in China, but also in Japan, India, France, Spain, Italy and many other countries. The best silk is produced by a caterpillar of a small greyish-white moth that feeds on white mulberry leaves.

In early summer, each female lays 500 or more eggs. They are perfectly preserved on a piece of paper or clothing until the next spring, when the mulberry leaves begin to bloom again. Tiny black worms emerge from the eggs placed in the incubator. They are placed on a tray with plucked mulberry leaves, and they constantly feed on them for six weeks.

When the worms begin to barely turn their heads, this indicates that they are ready to weave their cocoon. They put small branches on a tray. Worms twine themselves with an almost invisible thread that extends from a small opening in their jaws. The cocoon, which consists of 460-1100 meters of thread, is finally ready in about 72 hours.

Inside the cocoon is a shriveled caterpillar, which turns into a moth after 12 days. The cocoons are placed in troughs with warm water, which dissolves the silk glue that holds all the threads in a certain shape.

Threads from several cocoons are connected together into one thread, which is wound into a spool. Then comes the next stage - twisting raw silk into yarn. This thread, consisting of 10-12 fibers of individual cocoons, is called a single silk thread.

When we buy things made of silk, they are marked with what kind of thread they are made of - double or triple. In our time, nylon has become so popular and cheap that it has begun to replace silk. But still, silk will always be valued for its beauty, good quality and softness.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

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