What is the redshift of galaxies? Detailed answer

BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Free library / Directory / Big encyclopedia for children and adults

What is the redshift of galaxies? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education

Did you know?

What is the redshift of galaxies?

That the spectral lines of distant galaxies always appear redshifted was discovered by Milton Humason and Edwin Hubble in the first half of the 1920s. The observations that Hubble then made in 1928 were used by him to formulate the law that bears his name, which reflects the dependence of the speed of the removal of the galaxy on the distance to it.

The indicated redshift is interpreted as the Doppler effect caused by the expansion of the Universe, and this hypothesis has the most supporters.

However, a small group of scientists led by Helton Arp believes that the reason for this phenomenon is still not entirely clear. Their reasoning is based on observations of some distant binary objects that appear to be related but have quite different redshifts.

In nature, there is another type of redshift - the so-called gravitational redshift, which was foreseen by Albert Einstein in the general theory of relativity.

The gravitational redshift manifests itself, as usual, in the shift of the light spectrum towards the red part. But it occurs for a different reason: when light enters a very strong gravitational field, it loses energy, which leads to a decrease in the frequency of light waves and a change in color - reddening.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is anemia?

Anemia is a word that refers to various conditions associated with blood disorders. These conditions can occur when the amount of red blood cells in the blood is abnormal or when the cells themselves do not contain enough hemoglobin.

Anemia can be caused by abnormalities in the formation of blood, destruction of cells, or a large loss of blood. And these phenomena, in turn, can be caused by various disorders of the body. Therefore, when a doctor treats anemia, he must know exactly what kind of this disease he is dealing with. One type of anemia can be caused, for example, by a wound that has led to a large loss of blood. Other fluids from the body enter the bloodstream, the blood thins, which can result in anemia.

Another type of anemia is associated with increased destruction of red blood cells, which can be the result of various conditions in the body. In some cases, it can be inherited, the result of an inappropriate type of blood infusion, severe burns, allergies, or leukemia. One of the most well-known types of anemia is trophic anemia. This is the most common and least dangerous type of anemia and is caused by a lack of iron to form red blood cells. Iron is needed by the body to produce hemoglobin.

Much of the food we eat contains small amounts of iron. But many people cannot, for health reasons, eat foods high in iron, such as meat, eggs, and certain types of vegetables. Therefore, the lack of iron in the blood is not so rare.

Symptoms of anemia of this kind are pallor, weakness, fatigue, fainting, and shortness of breath. If the patient has the opportunity to have a good rest and get good nutrition, then he usually manages to recover quite quickly.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

▪ How was oil formed?

▪ Who swam to Colchis and why?

▪ Why do older Japanese people say that Haruki Murakami stinks of oil?

See other articles Section Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Nut lovers live longer 27.11.2013

The first major study on the health benefits of nuts found that people who ate a handful of nuts daily were 20% less likely to die than those who did not. This conclusion was made by scientists from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham Young University and the Harvard School of Public Health. The results of the research contain other good news: regular consumption of nuts helps to maintain harmony. Nut lovers should not be afraid of being overweight now.

The most obvious benefit of nuts is a 29% reduction in deaths from cardiovascular disease. Scientists also noted a significant reduction - by 11% - in the risk of death from cancer. True, while scientists have not identified a specific type of nut, which is crucial for protecting the body. However, positive effects have been noted with both peanuts and other types of nuts such as walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, pecans, pistachios, macadamia and pine nuts.

Some previous research has found a link between increased nut consumption and reduced risk of conditions such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, colon cancer, and gallstones. Frequent nut consumption has also been linked to lower cholesterol levels, reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, obesity, and insulin resistance. There are studies that show that adding nuts to the diet reduces overall mortality in certain populations. But none of the previous studies have examined in detail the various amounts of nuts and their impact on overall mortality in a large population for more than 30 years.

For the new study, the researchers used databases from two well-known ongoing observational studies that collect data on diet and other lifestyle factors and their health implications. Data are provided for 76 women between 464 and 1980 and data for 2010 men from 42 to 498. Participants in the studies completed questionnaires about food consumed every two to four years. In each questionnaire, participants were asked to rate how often they consumed nuts and indicate the serving size (a typical small packet of peanuts contains approximately 1986 g).

To exclude other factors affecting mortality and health status, scientists conducted a complex analysis. For example, researchers have found that people who eat more nuts are leaner, smoke less, and are more likely to exercise, take vitamins, eat more fruits and vegetables, but drink more alcohol. The analysis made it possible to highlight the relationship between nuts and mortality, regardless of these factors.

People who eat nuts in their diet will be less likely to experience health problems in the next 30 years. Those who eat nuts less than once a week reduce their chance of death by 7%. Eating nuts once a week reduces mortality by 11%; two to four times a week - by 13%; five to six times a week - by 15%, and seven or more times a week - by 20%.

Other interesting news:

▪ Microscopic 3D printer from IBM

▪ Biodiesel from chicken bones

▪ The magnetic charge of the proton and antiproton is measured

▪ Cocoa - protection against hypertension

▪ Smart optocoupler with gate driver

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Microcontrollers. Article selection

▪ article Filming a wedding. video art

▪ article When did writing originate? Detailed answer

▪ Swiss article. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ article Communication device. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Boiler house pump control. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews