How was oil formed? Detailed answer

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How was oil formed? Detailed answer

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How was oil formed?

Another name for oil is petroleum, and this gives us a clue as to how it was formed. The word "oil" means "rock oil". Scientists suggest that oil was formed from plants and animals that lived on the shores of warm seas and in water that covered most of the earth's surface. When plants and animals died, they accumulated on the sea floor.

Over time, millions of tons of sand and mud covered them. Under pressure, mud and sand formed rocks. Plants and animals turned into a dark liquid that penetrated the pores of the rocks.

When sections of the earth's crust rose up, parts of the seabed became dry land. Part of the liquid gradually seeped to the surface of the earth and thus people were able to find it. Petroleum, or crude oil, has been used for thousands of years. The ancient Egyptians and Chinese used it for medicinal purposes. In India, it was used as a fuel long before Christian times.

Until the middle of the XNUMXth century, the only way to extract oil was to collect oil when it seeped to the surface of the earth. Sometimes it was collected from the surface of rivers or from limestone plots of land.

Crude oil, which is extracted from the well, is used very rarely. It needs to be cleaned up. During the distillation process, various substances that have entered the oil in a natural way are separated. As a result of this process, we get gasoline, kerosene, lubricating oils, diesel fuel and asphalt.

Author: Likum A.

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