Engineering, industry, architecture - Drawing tools. Crosswordist's Handbook

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Crosswordist's Handbook

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Engineering, industry, architecture / Devices and tools / Drawing tools

(4)

PEN

Ink

(5)

FEATHERS

SHIELDS - transparent plastic plates with slots are used to remove excess lines with an elastic band

LEKALO - a thin plate with curved edges

Kulman

RULER

NONIUS - a device for more accurate determination of the proportions of divisions on a caliper

PALETKA - a device for determining areas

COMPASS

BISHOP

(8)

AGROMETER - a ruler with a scale for calculating areas according to the plan

OPTIMETER - an optical device for accurate determination of linear dimensions

RAISSHINA

STENCIL

ELBOW

(9)

HECTOGRAPH - a printing device for duplicating documents

GRAPHOCYCL

CURVIMETER - a device for determining the length of curved lines

SCALE - a ruler of triangular or trapezoidal section for measuring lengths

MIKROMETR

PANTOGRAPH - a device for similar transformation of flat figures

PLANIMETER

DRAWING PEN

(10)

COOKING

METER - a device of two sliding legs with needles at the ends

CONICOGRAPH - articulated mechanisms for drawing curves

KRIVONOZhKA - a rotating drawing pen for drawing curved lines

TRILINEAR

EXTENSION

(11)

CIRCULAR - measuring tool

PROTRACTOR

TRIANGLE

TRAMMEL

(13)

PERSPECTOGRAPH - a device for drawing an image in perspective

(14)

COORDINATOGRAPH

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In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

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Random news from the Archive

Wood Mushroom Stradivarius Violin 24.02.2018

Swiss scientists have managed to select a tree for making violins, the density of which makes it possible to achieve a sound comparable to the creations of the great Stradivarius. This effect was achieved through the use of tree mushrooms.

To date, there are many theories that explain the secrets of the master. Some claim that Stradivari cut trees on a full moon, others suggest that he used a special varnish. The latest theory says that the density of the tree plays a decisive role.

When the master was making violins in the Italian city of Cremona, Europe was coming to the end of a 70-year period of long winters and cold summer months. Because of this, the trees grew more slowly and the wood density was lower. "When a tree grows in unfavorable conditions, it forms mostly thin-walled cells that can carry large amounts of water," explains Francis Schwarze, researcher at the Federal Materials Research Laboratory. "The thinner the cell walls, the less dense the wood."

Schwartz has already succeeded in reducing the density of maple and spruce wood. To do this, he used a tree fungus of the species "Xylaria long-legged". "This fungus destroys the thick-walled wood cells," explains Schwarze. As a result of the vital activity of this fungus, a tree of lower density remains. The resulting material is comparable to the wood from which Stradivarius made violins: it conducts sound very well.

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