Amazing arrow. Effective trick and its solution

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EFFECTIVE FOCUSES AND THEIR CLUES
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Amazing arrow. Focus secret

Spectacular tricks and their clues

Directory / Spectacular tricks and their clues

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Focus Description:

Make a dial from a thick piece of paper measuring 5x5 cm, as shown in the figure.

Focus Amazing Arrow

On the dial, the hands on two opposite sides are located at an angle of 90° relative to each other. If the hand is on the right it is 3 o'clock. At this time, on the other side of the dial the arrow is pointing upward. If you turn it vertically on the other side, it will be 6 o'clock. After this, the dial is turned horizontally with its reverse side. It will be 9 o'clock. The arrow points to the left. To make it 9 o'clock after 12 o'clock, turn the dial vertically and show the reverse side.

Author: V.Postolaty

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Electric capsule to stimulate the stomach and improve appetite 05.05.2023

American engineers have created a capsule that, when swallowed, electrically stimulates the cells of the stomach, prompting them to produce the hunger hormone ghrelin. The first trials of the invention, which may help in the treatment of nausea and decreased appetite, were carried out on pigs.

The hormone ghrelin is responsible for the feeling of hunger and is known for its ability to increase appetite and counteract nausea. It is produced primarily by cells in the stomach, which is why MIT scientists have hypothesized that electrically stimulating the stomach from within can increase production of the hormone. This would be useful in the treatment of conditions accompanied by poor appetite and nausea in humans.

To avoid implanting electrodes in the organ, the scientists created a prototype capsule that can be swallowed like a regular tablet and will temporarily act in the stomach until it naturally leaves it. It has electronics in its structure that generates electrical signals and sends them to the cells through an electrode wound on the outside of the capsule, and also contains a battery inside to power it.

To ensure that the fluid in the stomach does not interfere with the electrode contact with the cells, the engineers gave the capsule a shape inspired by the skin of Moloch lizards. In these animals, it has a system of microscopic channels that absorb and direct, thanks to capillary forces, rainwater and dew into the mouths of the Molochs.

A similar system of channels with a hydrophilic coating was also given to the surface of the capsule so that it would drain excess fluid from the electrode, allowing it to contact and stimulate cells. And so that the capsule does not begin to act even in the esophagus, it was coated with isomalt, a sweetener that degrades in stomach acid.

Testing on 13 pigs showed that after ten minutes of capsule stimulation, blood levels of ghrelin increased by about 40 percent. The capsule remained in the stomach for a day, and then all animals got rid of it naturally within two weeks, which is a normal indicator for pigs.

The study of the tissues of the digestive tract of the test animals did not reveal signs of inflammation, trauma or other pathologies due to the capsule, which preliminary indicates the safety of the technology. In addition, the observed increase in ghrelin levels is considered sufficient by scientists to reduce nausea and improve appetite, but further human experiments are needed to verify this.

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