Singing stream. Fun physical experience at home

ENTERTAINING EXPERIENCES AT HOME
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Singing stream. Physical experiments

Entertaining experiments in physics

Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children

All objects that surround us are capable of sound. You have already met with a sounding spoon when you hit it against something or press it against a piece of dry ice; got acquainted with a sounding glass (if you rub it with a clean wet finger on its edge).

As you know, sound is air vibrations. Almost any object will sound if you make it vibrate rapidly, making at least fifty oscillations per second. True, it will not always be a melodic, pleasant sound for the ear. Sometimes it's just a knock, a creak, a rustle - in a word, noise. In other cases, when, for example, the walls of a glass vibrate from rubbing with a finger, we hear a melodic sound.

Now we will make an interesting device with which you can do many experiments, and in addition to those described here. This device was invented by the physicist Bell in the last century.

In stores that sell aquariums for fish, you can buy a thick glass tube bent at an acute angle. The tube diameter is about 1 cm. Mount it on a wooden stand. On its vertical end, stretch a thin rubber film from a balloon, tightly bandaging it with a thread. On the other end, put on a horn glued from thin cardboard. The diameter of its bell is 20-25 centimeters. Glue a cardboard rim to its narrow end in order to keep the horn well on the glass tube.

Now we need to get a thin strong jet of water. Pick up a pipette with a very small hole with a diameter of about 0,3-0,5 millimeters. If you cannot find such a pipette, then you need to reduce the hole. Having melted its end over the flame of a gas stove, it is necessary to blow strongly into the other end. In order not to burn yourself, first insert this other end of the pipette into a suitable rubber tube. From a strong blast, you can get a hole less than 1 millimeter in the melted end of the glass tube. This method was recommended by the inventor of this device. But he had several glass tubes in stock, and then he could choose from them a tube with a hole of the desired diameter. Therefore, you stock up on a few pipettes and do everything in the presence of one of the adults.

Connect the processed glass tip with the desired hole to the rubber tube, wrapping the junction well with adhesive tape. The other end of the tube must be securely fastened to the faucet. The water pressure should be adjusted by slightly opening the tap.

Let's get to the experiments. The jet must be directed vertically down onto a rubber membrane - a film stretched over the end of a glass tube. If the distance of the tip from the membrane is small, there will be no sound. As the distance increases, you will hear a roar from the horn. The vibrations occurring in the jet create vibrations in the rubber membrane as well.

Singing jet

By adjusting very smoothly the pressure of the jet and the height of its fall on the membrane, one can also obtain a pure musical note. If the tip is forced to oscillate, its vibrations will be transmitted to the jet, and from there it will fall on the membrane. So, when you put an alarm clock to the glass tip (just don't pour it!) And adjust the jet force, you will hear a loud ticking from the horn.

Singing jet

When a piece of board is applied to the tip, a sound is also heard from the horn. The board perceives extraneous vibrations and transmits them to the tip.

If you do not have the desired bent glass tube, you can replace it with another metal one.

Take a copper or iron tube with a diameter of 2 centimeters and a length of 20 centimeters. At a distance of 3 centimeters from the end, drill a hole in its wall, insert a piece of copper tube 3 centimeters long and 1,5 centimeters in diameter into it. Solder the junction of the tubes. The horn is made, as already described above, and is put on a short copper tube. Pull the rubber membrane over the upper end of the long tube. Make a stand from a wooden plank. Attach a piece of a round stick to its middle with a screw and put the free lower end of the tube on it.

Singing jet

To get a thin, strong jet, the tip can also be made differently using a thicker metal ballpoint pen. The ball must be pushed out, the balloon must be cleaned of the remnants of the paste. By pressing the end of the rod against some metal plate and rolling it, you can narrow the hole to the desired size.

Of course, experiments with a "singing" jet should be carried out in a large basin or in the open air.

Author: Rabiza F.V.

We recommend interesting experiments in physics:

▪ Needle-lightning rod

▪ Diligent Sawfly

▪ Another ancestor of cinema

We recommend interesting experiments in chemistry:

▪ Let's silver the mirror

▪ Dyes from plants

▪ chemical cold

See other articles Section Entertaining experiences at home.

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