Why is the city called Rio de Janeiro, although it does not stand on the river? Detailed answer

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Why is the city called Rio de Janeiro, although it does not stand on the river? Detailed answer

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Why is the city called Rio de Janeiro, although it does not stand on the river?

In Spanish and Portuguese, a river is "rio", so the names of many cities in Latin America that are on rivers begin with "Rio-". However, the largest of these cities, Rio de Janeiro, received the name by mistake. Portuguese navigators found themselves in this place on January 1, 1502, and, taking the bay for the mouth of the river, they called it Rio de Janeiro - "January River". The river was not found later, but the name was already attached to both the bay and the founded city.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

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Purity of speech affects memory 11.11.2018

Researchers from the University of Texas at Austin and linguists from the UTsoundLab found out why information from one conversation can be remembered for a long time, while another can completely fly out of your head.

Scientists have suggested that the memorability of the material is affected by the speed and purity of speech. In order to test this hypothesis, the researchers recruited 60 people who speak English (half of them are native speakers). Participants of the experiment read 72 sentences (six blocks of 12 sentences) in two ways - "pure speech" with a slow pace, clear pronunciation and "colloquial speech", faster and not as accentuated as in the first case. After this, the sentences had to be reproduced from memory.

The experiment showed that both foreigners and native speakers remembered better the content of sentences pronounced phonetically "clearly" and slowly. Scientists have explained it this way: if a person speaks too quickly or does not articulate his thoughts clearly enough, the listener has to spend more "intellectual resources" to "decipher" what was said. Consequently, the more effort the brain spends on understanding, the less resources are left for memorizing the material.

The results of the study will be presented at a meeting of members of the American Acoustic Society.

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