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Experiments with dry ice. Physical experiments
Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children
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This ice is called dry because it never melts, is never wet, and does not spread into a puddle. Once in a warm environment, it, bypassing the liquid state, begins to evaporate - turns into gas, carbon dioxide, from which it is obtained. His temperature is minus 78,9°. If handled with bare hands, it may burn your skin. A piece of such ice is as difficult to hold in the palm of your hand as a burning coal. To avoid getting “burned”, you have to constantly throw it up.
When you buy ice cream, ask for a piece of dry ice for testing. You need to wrap it well together with the ice cream in newspaper: then the ice will not evaporate soon, and the ice cream will not melt soon.
If you throw a piece of dry ice into a glass two-thirds full of water, it will begin to violently turn into gas. Clouds of steam envelop the glass. What kind of steam is this? When you pass your hand through it, you feel that it is completely cold.
The steam that you and I usually see above boiling water is already fog, water particles condensed in the cold air. When dry ice evaporates, a slightly different phenomenon occurs. Here, the released carbon dioxide does not condense itself, but condenses water vapor that is invisibly present in the air. Cold carbon dioxide turns white, and we see clouds of steam escaping from the glass. This is reminiscent of the phenomenon when we breathe through our mouths onto a cold mirror. Its surface becomes matte from the smallest particles of water settled on it. In water, the evaporation of solid carbon dioxide occurs more energetically, because water conducts heat better than air.
Observe the bubbles that form in the water near the dry ice. It seems that they are silvered from the inside or as if filled with mercury. And you already know from one past experience that when a light beam hits (at a certain angle) on the boundary between water and air, this beam is completely reflected. That is why, if rays of light, passing through water, fall on a bubble of air or other gas at such an angle, the light is completely reflected, as if from a mirror.
If you place a piece of dry ice on a warm aluminum plate and tilt it, the ice will slide over it easily. Carbon dioxide released upon contact with the metal of the plate forms a kind of gas cushion, which, protecting dry ice from rapid evaporation, allows it to easily slide over the plate.
Author: Rabiza F.V.
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