Surge protection device. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Clocks, timers, relays, load switches
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I propose a simple device that, in the event of a power failure, will protect a TV, VCR, refrigerator, etc. from overvoltage. As a rule, in the event of an accident, a voltage of 380 V (rms) is present in the network, which brings all the trouble. In such a situation, the overvoltage protection device trips, creating a short circuit. "Knocked out" plugs (fusible or automatic) stop the supply of electricity to the apartment.
The diagram of the device is shown in the figure.
(click to enlarge)
The protection trip voltage is approximately 255 V.
In reality, the response voltage is somewhat higher due to the presence of resistor R1 in the threshold circuit. This resistor can change the response voltage within certain limits. In the author's version, Ucp = 270 V. Capacitors C1 and C2 form an RC circuit with R1, which prevents the device from operating during pulse surges in the network
The scheme works as follows. At a network voltage of up to 270 V, the zener diodes VD3, VD4 are closed. Thyristors VS1, VS2 are also closed. When the effective voltage value exceeds 270 V, the zener diodes VD3, VD4 open, and the opening voltage is supplied to the control electrodes of the thyristors VS1, VS2. Depending on the polarity of the mains voltage subcycle, the current passes either through the thyristor VS1 or through VS2. When the current exceeds 10 A, circuit breakers (plugs) are activated, protecting electrical appliances from burnout.
No device setup required
Without capacitors C1 and C2, the response time does not exceed one half-cycle of the mains voltage, however, false alarms are possible. Since the performance of the device decreases with capacitors C1 and C2, a half-wave circuit with one thyristor (VS1) can also be made by removing VS2, C2, VD1, VD2 and VD6. The functionality of the device is preserved.
The circuit is assembled on a small printed circuit board, placed in a case from an external power supply of a tape recorder. You can check the performance of the device using LATR.
This device has been working flawlessly for the author for more than a year, more than a dozen of them have been collected. All have only positive reviews.
Literature
1. Veresov G.P., Smuryakov Yu.L. Stabilized power supplies for radio equipment. - M.: Energy, 1978.
Author: A. Pakalo, Donetsk; Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru
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