AF power amplifier with diagnostic tools TDA1562Q. Reference data

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Reference materials

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The described microcircuit is a bridge monophonic signal amplifier 3H with a maximum output power of up to 70 W at a load of 4 ohms and is intended for use in automotive and household sound reproduction equipment.

Structurally, the amplifier is packaged in a DBS17P plastic case with 17 hard tinned leads (Fig. 1).

The back flat side of the case is made in the form of a metal heat-removing plate. With this side, the microcircuit is attached to the massive metal wall of the apparatus, having previously covered the interface with heat-conducting paste. The weight of the device is no more than 10 g.

With a minimum of required external components, the microcircuit provides the possibility of building an amplifier with a high output power, powered by a unipolar source.

The amplifier switched on under the operating voltage can be in one of three modes - "On" ("On"), "Silence" ("Mute") and "Standby" ("Standby"). In the "On" operating mode, the microcircuit amplifies the input signal and allocates the installed power to the load, while consuming the corresponding current (up to ten amperes).

In Silent mode, no input signal passes through the amplifier's output, but its powerful output stages remain on. For this reason, the amplifier consumes significant current, but is able to switch to the "On" mode almost instantly.

In the "Standby mode" almost all amplifier nodes turn out to be de-energized, and it consumes a negligible current from the power source - as a rule, a few microamperes. The switching time from the "Standby" mode to the "On" mode does not exceed 50 ms.

Switching from one mode to another is implemented by applying a control voltage to the mode selection input of the microcircuit.

The amplifier has a very low level of self-noise and low harmonics.

A simplified functional diagram of the amplifier and a typical circuit for its inclusion are shown in fig. 2.

(click to enlarge)

If the output power does not exceed 18 W, the amplifier operates in class B mode. With a further increase in the input signal level, the internal supply voltage of the amplifier increases due to the inclusion of voltage boost nodes with external high-capacity oxide capacitors connected to pins 3,5 and 13. 15 of the microcircuit, as shown in the functional diagram. The amplifier switches to Class H mode, and the output power increases to 70 W. If the microchip crystal heats up to a temperature of 120°C, the built-in temperature sensor switches the amplifier to class B mode. The output power does not exceed 20 watts.

If the supply voltage U of the microcircuit drops to 7 V, the amplifier will automatically switch to the "Silence" mode. With a subsequent increase in the supply voltage to 9 V, the amplifier returns to the "On" mode.

The microcircuit is also equipped with built-in protection units against the mutual circuit of the output conductors and their short circuit to the positive power wire and the common wire.

Pinout of the microcircuit: pin. 1 - non-inverting 3H signal input; pin. 2 - inverting signal input 3H; pin. 3 and 5 - terminals for connecting the hair-additive capacitor of the upper arm of the amplifier according to the scheme; pin. 4 - input of the control signal for switching (selection) of the operating mode; pin. 6 and 12 - conclusions of the common wire, negative conclusions of the power source; pin. 7 - direct signal output 3H; pin. 8 - signal output of the diagnostic unit; pin. 9 and 10 - positive conclusions of the power supply; pin. 11 - inverse signal output 3H; pin. 13 and 15 - terminals for connecting the voltage boost capacitor of the lower amplifier arm according to the scheme: pin. 14 - control output of the internal source of exemplary voltage: pin. 16 - signal input to control the state of the amplifier; indication signal output; pin. 17 - output signal common wire.

To meet the requirements of intelligent power control, diagnostics and amplifier control / status indication nodes are built into the microcircuit. The diagnostic unit informs about emergency situations in the load circuit and about amplifier overload. At the output of the node (pin 8), a signal appears, the level and nature of which is easy to determine. what happened to the load - its short circuit to one of the power wires, short circuit or open circuit. This signal, after processing by the microcontroller, can be applied to the corresponding inputs of the amplifier, which will put it into safe mode.

The control/status display node has only one external pin, 16, which serves as both an input and an output. The input makes it possible to control the state of the amplifier. A high-level command signal switches the amplifier to class H mode (voltage boost enabled) regardless of the crystal temperature. With an average command signal level, the amplifier goes into class B mode, regardless of the temperature of the crystal. A low-level command immediately puts the amplifier into "Silence" mode. Without delay, the amplifier switches from the "Silence" mode to the "On" mode, and the change in the gain class from B to H and vice versa occurs at the moment the input signal passes through "zero".

When no control voltage is applied to this input, it becomes an output, and the output signals can be used to judge the current state of the amplifier. The output voltage can take three discrete levels - low, medium and high. A low level indicates that. that the amplifier is in Silent mode; medium - in the "On" mode and works in class B, the voltage boost is turned off by a signal from the temperature sensor (the temperature exceeds 120°C); high - the amplifier operates in class H. crystal temperature is less than 120°C. The switching of the amplifier from class B to H occurs at the moment of transition of the input signal 34 through "zero".

Main Specifications

• Rated supply voltage, V ...... 14,4
• Consumed current. ma. with a disconnected load in the modes
• "On" and "Silence" ...... 110...150
• typical value......110
• Current consumption in "Standby mode", uA......1...50
• typical value......1
• Voltage gain, dB......25...27
• typical value......26
• Output power, W, not less, in class H mode with a non-linear distortion factor of 10%......60
• typical value......70
• 0.5%......45
• typical value......55
• Output power, W, not less, in class B mode with a non-linear distortion factor of 10%......16
• typical value......20
• Nonlinear distortion factor (typical value), %, at output power 1 W......0,03
• 20 W......0,06
• The value of the nonlinear distortion coefficient (typical) at which the dynamic distortion detector is triggered, %......10
• The highest intrinsic noise voltage, μV, in the frequency band from 20 Hz to 20 kHz......150
• Depth of suppression of supply voltage ripples in the "On" and "Silence" modes, dB, not less than ...... 60
• typical value......70
• Differential input impedance of the input 3H, kOhm, not less than ...... 90
• typical value......150
• Switching voltage at mode select input. B, to transfer the amplifier to the "Standby" mode from the "Silence" mode, not less than ...... 1
• "Silence" from the "Standby" mode, no more ...... 2
• "Silence" from the "Enabled" mode, not less......3.3
• "On" from Silent mode", no more......4,2
• Electrical hysteresis of the switching voltage from the "Standby" mode to the "Silence" mode and back at the mode selection input, mV (typical value)...... 200
• Electrical hysteresis of the switching voltage from the "On" mode to the "Silence" mode and back at the mode selection input, mV (typical value)...... 200
• Consumed current at the mode selection input, µA, no more than......20
• Switching time from "Standby mode" to "On" mode by mode selection input, ms.....50
• Common-mode signal suppression ratio at input 34 in the "On" mode, dB, not less than......70
• typical value......80
• The coefficient of attenuation of the input signal at the input 34 in the "Silence" mode, dB, not less than ...... 80
• typical value......90
• The inflowing current of a high-level command signal (14,4 V) at the input of the control/indication unit (pin 16), mA, not more than ...... 4
• The outflowing current of the command signal of a low level at the input of the control/indication unit, mA, not more than.......0,4
• Threshold voltage for switching from the "Silence" mode to the "On" mode at the input of the control/indication unit, V, not more than......2
• Threshold voltage for switching from class B mode to "Silence" mode at the input of the control/indication unit, V, not less than......1
• Electrical hysteresis of the switching voltage from the "Silence" mode to the "On" mode to class B and back at the input of the control/indication unit, mV (typical value)......200
• Threshold switching voltage from class B to N mode at the input of the control/indication unit, V, not more than......4.2
• Threshold voltage for switching from class H mode to class B mode at the input of the control/indication unit, V, not less......3,3
• Electrical hysteresis of switching voltage from mode B to class H mode and back at the input of the control/indication unit, mV (typical value)......200
• Resulting output current of the control/indication unit in the "Silence" mode, mA, not less than......2,2
• Voltage at the output of the control/indication unit in the "Silence" mode (low output level), V, no more, at an output current of 2,2 mA...........0,5
• Output current of arbitrary direction of the control/indication unit in class B mode, µA, not less than......15
• Voltage at the output of the control/indication unit in class B mode (average output level), V at an output current of 15 µA
• minimum ...... 2
• maximum ...... 3
• Leaking current of the output of the control/indication unit in class H mode, μA, not less than......140
• Voltage at the output of the control/indication unit in class H mode (high output level), V, not less than, at an output current of 140 μA ...... Upit - 2,5
• Case temperature at which the sensor is triggered. °С ...... 120

Operating limits

• Supply voltage, V ...... 8 ... 18
• Signal voltage at the input of the control / indication unit (pin 16), V, maximum ...... Upit,
• minimum ...... 0
• The largest amplitude of the output pulse current, A, with a periodic (sinusoidal) output signal ...... 8
• impulse ...... 10
• Maximum power dissipation, W......60
• Thermal resistance crystal - heat sink plate, °С/W......1,5
• Thermal resistance crystal - environment. °С/W......40
• The highest temperature of the crystal. °С ...... 150
• Temperature operating range, °С......-55...+150

The operation of the amplifier in different modes is illustrated by the simplified timing diagrams shown in Fig. 3.

By the initial moment to, the supply voltage Upit was applied to the amplifier, and a high-level signal Uin control/ind was applied to the input of the control/indication unit (pin 16).

At time t, a high-level signal was received at the mode selection input (pin 4), corresponding to the transition of the amplifier to the "On" mode. The exemplary voltage source begins to enter the operating mode (the voltage at pin 14 increases). At a certain threshold voltage at the moment t2, the amplifier turns on and a voltage of 3H Umax zh appears on the load. and the amplifier operates in class H mode.

At the moment t3, the amplifier at the input of the control / indication unit is switched to class B mode. If the voltage of the input signal 3H has a significant level, then the output signal will immediately be limited.

At the moment t5, a command was given to the input of the control/indication unit to return the amplifier to the class H mode. At the first transition of the signal 34 through "zero" (the moment U, this switching will occur. During the time interval t7 -t8, the amplifier is in the "Silence" mode , and both entering this mode and returning to the initial state occur synchronously with the command, without waiting for the transition through "zero".

In the interval t9 - t12, the amplifier is switched to the same "Silence" mode, but by the signal Uper.mode at the control input (pin 4). Rice. 3 shows that in this case the switching occurs at the moments when the 3H signal crosses "zero" (at the times t10 and t12).

If the supply voltage is reduced to 7 V (t13), the amplifier will immediately go into Silence mode and also return to On mode without delay as soon as the supply voltage rises to 9 V (t14). At moment t15 the amplifier switches to “Standby mode”.

In the case when pin 16 of the microcircuit is used as the output of the control / indication unit, at the moment the amplifier is turned on (t1), a signal out appears at this output. control / ind, low level, corresponding to the "Silence" mode. As soon as the amplifier starts working (t2). either a high or an average level (shown by a dotted line) will appear at pin 16, depending on the temperature to which the microcircuit crystal is heated - less than 120 ° C or more.

The switching of the amplifier and the change of the output levels of output 16 occur at the moments when the 3H signal passes through "zero" (t4, t0, t10, t12). The exceptions are fast transitions to the "Silence" mode and back (t7, t8), while the signal level at pin 16 remains unchanged, and cases of lowering the supply voltage (t13, t14).

The diagnostic unit is designed to control the output circuits of the amplifier. Information about emergency situations in the load is sent to pin 8 (output with an open collector). Simplified signal diagrams U at this output are shown in fig. 4.

In normal mode, pin 8 is high (t0 - t2). The absence of a sound signal Uout at the amplifier output during the time t0 - t1 is explained by the "Silence" command being sent to the mode selection input.

If there is an overload of the output stages of the amplifier, and as a result, the signal is limited, the dynamic distortion detector comes into operation and narrow low-level pulses (t2 - 13) appear at the output of the diagnostic unit. This signal can be applied to the input electronic attenuator (it is not shown in the diagram in Fig. 2), which will lower the amplitude of the 3H input signal until distortion disappears.

When one or another output wire is shorted to a positive power wire or to a common wire, the voltage on this output wire disappears, and at pin 8 the high level is replaced by a low level - about 0,6 V (t4). After the emergency circuit is removed, the voltage at the output of the amplifier is automatically restored after about 20 ms (t5).

Shorting the output terminals of the amplifier to each other leads to the fact that a sequence of short (50 μs) high-level pulses with a period of 20 ms (t6 - t7) appears at the output of the diagnostic unit.

Immediately after switching the amplifier from "Standby" to "Silence" or "On" modes, the built-in load detector checks if a load is connected. If at this moment the load resistance exceeds 100 Ohms. then the load detector forcibly switches the amplifier to the "Silence" mode and at the output 8 at this time there is a low level (in Fig. 4 this is illustrated by a dotted line in the time interval t0 - t1).

Rice. 5 illustrates the operation of thermal protection systems. If the crystal temperature does not exceed 120°C, the amplifier can operate in class H mode (solid line on the graph of the time dependence of the amplitude of the output audio signal Uout.zch). At the same time, a high level is present both at the output of the diagnostic unit and at the output of the control/indication unit.

When the crystal temperature rises to 120°C, the temperature sensor will force the amplifier into class B mode and the output of the control/indication unit will change from high to medium.

In those cases when, for one reason or another, the temperature of the crystal continues to increase, at a value of 145 ° C, the thermal protection unit generates a signal by which the diagnostic unit changes the high output level to low, thereby warning about the approach of the crystal temperature to the maximum allowable value of 150 ° WITH. This voltage drop can be used to turn off either the input signal or the amplifier itself.

Upon reaching the maximum temperature, the input signal level must be reduced to zero (at a temperature of 160 ° C) in order to avoid damage to the microcircuit.

Author: V. Chudnov

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