Lighting

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Section 6. Electric lighting

Lighting fixtures and wiring devices. Lighting

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE)

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6.6.1. Lighting devices must be installed so that they are accessible for their installation and safe maintenance using, if necessary, inventory technical means.

In production facilities equipped with overhead cranes involved in a continuous production process, as well as in craneless spans, in which access to lamps using floor and other mobile devices is impossible or difficult, the installation of lamps and other equipment and the laying of electrical networks can be carried out on special stationary bridges made of non-combustible materials. Bridges must be at least 0,6 m wide and have railings at least 1 m high.

In public buildings, the construction of such bridges is allowed in the absence of the possibility of using other means and methods of access to the lamps.

6.6.2. Luminaires serviced from ladders or ladders must be installed at a height of not more than 5 m (to the bottom of the luminaire) above the floor. At the same time, the location of lamps above large equipment, pits and in other places where it is impossible to install ladders or ladders is not allowed.

6.6.3. Luminaires used in installations subject to vibrations and shocks must be of a design that does not allow the lamps to unscrew or fall out. It is allowed to install fixtures with the use of shock-absorbing devices.

6.6.4. For pendant luminaires for general lighting, it is recommended to have overhangs no longer than 1,5 m. With a longer overhang, measures should be taken to limit the swinging of the luminaires under the influence of air currents.

6.6.5. In hazardous areas, all permanently installed lighting fixtures must be rigidly fixed to prevent swaying.

When using slotted optical fibers in hazardous areas, the requirements of Ch. 7.3.

For premises classified as fire hazardous zones P-Pa, lamps with non-combustible diffusers in the form of solid silicate glass should be used.

6.6.6. To ensure the possibility of servicing lighting fixtures, it is allowed to install them on rotary devices, provided that they are rigidly attached to these devices and the power supply is supplied with a flexible cable with copper conductors.

6.6.7. For lighting transport tunnels in cities and on roads, it is recommended to use luminaires with a degree of protection IP65.

6.6.8. Local lighting fixtures must be fixed rigidly or in such a way that after moving they stably maintain their position.

6.6.9. Devices for hanging lamps must withstand for 10 minutes without damage and residual deformation the load applied to them equal to five times the mass of the lamp, and for complex multi-lamp chandeliers weighing 25 kg or more - a load equal to twice the mass of the chandelier plus 80 kg.

6.6.10. For permanently installed luminaires, the screw current-carrying sleeves of lamp sockets for lamps with screw bases in networks with a grounded neutral must be connected to the zero working conductor.

If the cartridge has a non-current-carrying screw sleeve, the zero working conductor must be connected to the contact of the cartridge to which the lamp screw base is connected.

6.6.11. In shop windows, it is allowed to use cartridges with incandescent lamps with a power of not more than 100 W, provided that they are installed on non-combustible bases. It is allowed to install cartridges on combustible, for example wooden, bases sheathed with sheet steel over asbestos.

6.6.12. The wires must be inserted into the lighting fittings in such a way that they are not subjected to mechanical damage at the point of entry, and the contacts of the cartridges are unloaded from mechanical stress.

6.6.13. Connection of wires inside brackets, suspensions or pipes with which lighting fixtures are installed is not allowed. Wire connections should be made in places accessible for inspection, for example, at the bases of brackets, at the points where wires enter luminaires.

6.6.14. Lighting fittings may be hung on supply wires if they are intended for this purpose and are manufactured according to special specifications.

6.6.15. Lighting fittings for general lighting, having terminal clamps for connecting supply conductors, must allow the connection of wires and cables with both copper and aluminum conductors.

For lighting fixtures that do not have terminal clamps, when the conductors introduced into the fixture are directly connected to the terminal clamps of lamp sockets, wires or cables with copper conductors with a cross section of at least 0,5 mm2 inside buildings and 1 mm2 outside buildings should be used. At the same time, in fittings for incandescent lamps with a power of 100 W and above, DRL, DRI, DRIZ, DNAT lamps, wires with insulation must be used that allow their heating temperature to be at least 100oc.

Unprotected wires introduced into freely suspended luminaires must have copper conductors.

Wires laid inside lighting fixtures must have insulation corresponding to the rated voltage of the network (see also clause 6.3.34).

6.6.16. Branches from distribution networks to outdoor lighting fixtures must be made with flexible wires with copper conductors with a cross section of at least 1,5 mm2 for pendant fixtures and at least 1 mm2 for console ones. Branches from overhead lines are recommended to be carried out using special transitional branch clamps.

6.6.17. To connect to the network of table, portable and hand-held lamps, as well as local lighting lamps suspended on wires, cords and wires with flexible copper conductors with a cross section of at least 0,75 mm2 must be used.

6.6.18. To charge stationary local lighting fixtures, flexible wires with copper conductors with a cross section of at least 1 mm2 for movable structures and at least 0,5 mm2 for fixed ones should be used.

The insulation of the wires must correspond to the rated voltage of the network.

6.6.19. The charging of local lighting fixture brackets must comply with the following requirements:

1. Wires must be led inside the bracket or otherwise protected from mechanical damage; at a voltage not exceeding 50 V, this requirement is not mandatory.

2. If there are hinges, the wires inside the hinged parts must not be subjected to tension or chafing.

3. Holes for wires in the brackets must have a diameter of at least 8 mm with a local constriction tolerance of up to 6 mm; insulating bushings must be used at the points of wire entry.

4. In movable structures of lighting fittings, the possibility of spontaneous movement or swinging of fittings should be excluded.

6.6.20. The floodlights must be connected to the network with a flexible cable with copper conductors with a cross section of at least 1 mm2 and a length of at least 1,5 m. Protective grounding of the floodlights must be carried out by a separate core.

See other articles Section Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE).

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