Automation and telemechanics. Switching generators on

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Section 3. Protection and automation

Automation and telemechanics. Switching generators on

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE)

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3.3.43. The inclusion of generators for parallel operation must be carried out in one of the following ways: fine synchronization (manual, semi-automatic and automatic) and self-synchronization (manual, semi-automatic and automatic).

3.3.44. The method of precise automatic or semi-automatic synchronization as the main method of switching to parallel operation under normal conditions should be provided for:

turbogenerators with indirect cooling of windings with a power of more than 3 MW, operating directly on the generator voltage busbars, and with a value of the periodic component of the transient current of more than 3,5 Inom;
turbogenerators with direct cooling of windings of TVV, TVF, TGV and TVM types;
hydrogenerators with a capacity of 50 MW or more.

In case of emergency conditions in the electrical system, all generators, regardless of the cooling system and power, can be switched on for parallel operation by the self-synchronization method.

3.3.45. The self-synchronization method as the main method of switching on to parallel operation can be provided for:

turbine generators up to 3 MW:
turbogenerators with indirect cooling with a power of more than 3 MW, operating directly on busbars, if the periodic component of the transient current when connected to the network by the self-synchronization method does not exceed 3,5 Inom;
turbogenerators with indirect cooling operating in a block with transformers;
hydrogenerators with a capacity of up to 50 MW;
hydrogenerators electrically rigidly interconnected and operating through a common switch with a total power of up to 50 MW.

In these cases, devices for semi-automatic and automatic fine synchronization may not be provided.

3.3.46. When using the self-synchronization method as the main method of switching generators to parallel operation, it is necessary to provide for the installation of automatic self-synchronization devices on hydrogenerators, and manual or semi-automatic self-synchronization devices on turbogenerators.

3.3.47. When using the fine synchronization method as the main method of switching generators to parallel operation, as a rule, it is necessary to provide for the installation of automatic and semi-automatic fine synchronization devices. For generators up to 15 MW, it is allowed to use manual fine synchronization with blocking from non-synchronous switching on.

3.3.48. In accordance with these provisions, all generators must be equipped with appropriate synchronization devices located at the central control room or at the local control room for hydroelectric power plants, at the main control board or at block control boards for thermal power plants.

Regardless of the method of synchronization used, all generators must be equipped with devices that allow, if necessary, to perform manual fine synchronization with blocking from unsynchronized switching on.

3.3.49. When two or more hydro-generators operating through one switch are connected to the network using the fine synchronization method, the generators are pre-synchronized with each other by the self-synchronization method and with the network - by the fine synchronization method.

3.3.50. At transit substations of the main network and power plants where synchronization of individual parts of the electrical system is required, devices for semi-automatic or manual fine synchronization should be provided.

See other articles Section Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE).

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