Cable lines up to 220 kV. General requirements

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Section 2. Sewerage of electricity

Cable lines up to 220 kV. General requirements

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE)

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2.3.11. The design and construction of cable lines should be carried out on the basis of technical and economic calculations, taking into account the development of the network, the responsibility and purpose of the line, the nature of the route, the laying method, cable structures, etc.

2.3.12. When choosing a cable line route, if possible, avoid areas with soils that are aggressive with respect to the metal sheaths of cables (see also 2.3.44.).

2.3.13. Above underground cable lines, in accordance with the current rules for the protection of electrical networks, security zones should be established in the size of the area above the cables:

for cable lines above 1 kV, 1 m on each side of the outermost cables;
for cable lines up to 1 kV, 1 m on each side of the outermost cables, and when cable lines pass in cities under sidewalks - 0,6 m towards buildings and 1 m towards the carriageway of the street.

For submarine cable lines up to and above 1 kV, in accordance with the indicated rules, a security zone should be established, defined by parallel straight lines at a distance of 100 m from the outermost cables.

Security zones of cable lines are used in compliance with the requirements of the rules for the protection of electrical networks.

2.3.14. The route of the cable line should be selected taking into account the lowest cable consumption, ensuring its safety under mechanical stress, ensuring protection against corrosion, vibration, overheating and damage to adjacent cables by an electric arc in the event of a short circuit on one of the cables. When placing cables, avoid crossing them with each other, with pipelines, etc.

When choosing the route of a low-pressure oil-filled cable line, the terrain is taken into account for the most rational placement and use of make-up tanks on the line.

2.3.15. Cable lines must be designed in such a way that during installation and operation, the occurrence of dangerous mechanical stresses and damages in them is excluded, for which:

cables must be laid with a margin in length sufficient to compensate for possible displacements of the soil and temperature deformations of the cables themselves and the structures along which they are laid; laying the cable stock in the form of rings (coils) is prohibited;
cables laid horizontally along structures, walls, ceilings, etc., must be rigidly fixed at the end points, directly at the end fittings, on both sides of the bends and at the connecting and locking couplings;
cables laid vertically along structures and walls must be fixed so that the deformation of the sheaths is prevented and the connections of the cores in the couplings are not broken under the action of the own weight of the cables;
structures on which unarmored cables are laid must be designed in such a way that the possibility of mechanical damage to the cable sheaths is excluded; in places of rigid fastening, the sheaths of these cables must be protected from mechanical damage and corrosion with the help of elastic gaskets;
cables (including armored ones) located in places where mechanical damage is possible (movement of vehicles, mechanisms and goods, accessibility for unauthorized persons) must be protected in height by 2 m from the floor or ground level and by 0,3 m in earth;
when laying cables next to other cables in operation, measures must be taken to prevent damage to them;
cables should be laid at a distance from heated surfaces, which prevents the cables from heating above the permissible level, while protecting the cables from the breakthrough of hot substances at the installation sites of valves and flange connections should be provided.

2.3.16. Protection of cable lines from stray currents and soil corrosion must meet the requirements of these Rules and SNiP 3.04.03-85 "Protection of building structures and structures against corrosion" of the State Construction Committee of Russia.

2.3.17. The structures of underground cable structures must be calculated taking into account the mass of cables, soil, road surface and the load from passing traffic.

2.3.18. Cable structures and structures on which cables are laid must be made of non-combustible materials. It is forbidden to perform any temporary devices in cable structures, store materials and equipment in them. Temporary cables must be laid in compliance with all requirements for cable laying, with the permission of the operating organization.

2.3.19. Open laying of cable lines should be carried out taking into account the direct action of solar radiation, as well as heat radiation from various types of heat sources. When laying cables at a geographic latitude of more than 65º, protection from solar radiation is not required.

2.3.20. The radii of the inner bending curve of the cables must have, in relation to their outer diameter, a multiplicity of not less than those specified in the standards or specifications for the corresponding brands of cables.

2.3.21. The radii of the internal bending curve of the cable cores when making cable terminations must have, in relation to the reduced core diameter, a multiplicity of at least those specified in the standards or specifications for the corresponding cable brands.

2.3.22. The tensile forces during laying cables and pulling them in pipes are determined by the mechanical stresses allowed for the cores and shells.

2.3.23. Each cable line must have its own number or name. If the cable line consists of several parallel cables, then each of them must have the same number with the addition of the letters A, B, C, etc. Openly laid cables, as well as all cable joints, must be provided with tags indicating on the tags of cables and end sleeves the brand, voltage, section, number or name of the line; on the tags of the couplings - the number of the coupling and the date of installation. Labels must be resistant to environmental influences. On cables laid in cable structures, tags must be located along the length at least every 50 m.

2.3.24¹⁾ Protective zones of cable lines laid in the ground in undeveloped areas must be marked with information signs.

Information signs should be installed at least every 500 m, as well as in places where the direction of cable lines changes.

The information signs should indicate the width of the security zones of cable lines and the telephone numbers of cable line owners.

1. (Clause 2.3.24 as amended by Amendments and Additions, approved by the Ministry of Fuel and Energy on 13.07.1998/XNUMX/XNUMX)

See other articles Section Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE).

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