Switching voltage regulator for low-voltage electric soldering irons. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Switching voltage regulator for low-voltage electric soldering irons. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Regulators of current, voltage, power

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The pulse stabilized voltage regulator, the circuit of which is shown in the figure, is designed to power electric soldering irons at a nominal voltage of 6 V with a power of up to 15 W and 12 V with a power of up to 25 W. In addition, the device can be used as a stabilized power supply for various radio equipment with a voltage of 5..14 V, consuming current up to 2 A. The power source of the regulator can be a network transformer with a rectifier in the secondary winding circuit.

Switching voltage regulator for low-voltage electric soldering irons

The device is assembled on an adjustable step-down switching voltage regulator L4960. It provides an output load current of up to 2,5 A at an output voltage of 5 ... 40 V. The maximum input supply voltage of the microcircuit is 50 V. The typical value of the minimum voltage drop (the minimum difference between the input voltage and the output) is 1,4 V at current load 2 A.

Diode VD1 protects the regulator from being connected to a power source in reverse polarity. Capacitors C1, C4 are smoothing, and C2, C3 protect the network from interference from a switching voltage regulator. The operating frequency of the regulator converter depends on the values \u5b\u1bof the elements C87, R1 and, when indicated in the diagram, is approximately 8 kHz. Choke L9 - storage. The output voltage ripple is smoothed out by the C2C10L11C12C25C14 filter. With an input supply voltage of 2 V, an output voltage of 25 V, and a load current of XNUMX A, the amplitude of the output voltage ripple does not exceed XNUMX mV.

The output voltage is regulated by a variable resistor R6. Resistor R5 limits the maximum output voltage to 14 V. The output voltage is indicated by the HL1 LED. Diode VD3 protects the microcircuit from breakdown by reverse voltage from the load side when the regulator is turned off.

Most parts of the device are placed on a circuit board with dimensions of 65x58 mm board thickness - 1 mm. Mounting is carried out in a hinged way with pieces of insulated wire. The board should be fixed in a strong metal or plastic box of suitable dimensions.

The L4960 chip is mounted on a heat sink in the form of a duralumin plate 3 mm thick and 60x55 mm in size. If the temperature of the heat-removing flange of the microcircuit exceeds 60 °C in a closed box, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of heat dissipation.

The 1N5822 Schottky diode can be replaced with MBR350, MBR360, SR360, the MUR120 diode - with any of the 1N4001 - 1N4007, KD209, KD243 series; KD213A will be replaced by KD213B. The yellow RL310-HY214S LED can be replaced with any similar one.

Oxide capacitors - imported or domestic K50-29, K50-35, K50-68; C5, C6 - small-sized film, for example, K73-9 or imported, the rest - ceramic, for example, the K10-50 series. Capacitor C3 is soldered directly to pins 1 and 4 of the microcircuit from the side of the wire connections, and C12 to the pins of the output connector. Blocking ceramic capacitors in the input circuits must be rated at least 50 V.

Choke L1 - any inductance of 100 ... 500 μH, designed for a direct current of 4 A. A home-made choke can be wound on a ring of size K32x20x6 made of ferrite 3000NM with a home-made PEV-1 33x0,13 litz wire. The winding consists of 52 turns. The required length of a piece of litz wire is 2 m. Before winding, the ring must be carefully broken in half with a vise and glued again with instant superglue. Next, the ring is dried for 2 hours at room temperature and 6 hours at 60°C. Then the ring is wrapped with varnished cloth and placed in two layers on a circuit board measuring 65x58 mm, board thickness - 1 mm. Mounting is carried out in a hinged way with pieces of insulated wire. The board should be fixed in a strong metal or plastic box of suitable dimensions.

The L4960 chip is mounted on a heat sink in the form of a duralumin plate 3 mm thick and 60x55 mm in size. If in a closed box the temperature of the heat-removing flange of the microcircuit exceeds 60 °C.

the winding of the inductor is wound, laying a layer of varnished cloth between the layers. The use of an armored B22 magnetic circuit made of 2000NM or 3000NM ferrite with a non-magnetic gap between the cups of 0,1 mm makes it possible to simplify the manufacture of the L1 inductor.

Inductor L2 contains 16 turns of the same litz wire on a K20a16x6 ring made of 2000NM ferrite. The ring is sawn in half with a diamond disk and glued with a non-magnetic gap of 1 mm. chokes varnish helps prevent the appearance of whistling during operation.

Accurately assembled from serviceable parts, the device starts working immediately and does not require adjustment. With an input voltage of 25 V, an output of 12 V and a load current of 1,7 A, the efficiency of the regulator is 85%.

Author: A. Butov, p. Kurba, Yaroslavl region; Publication: radioradar.net

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