Geothermal energy sources. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Geothermal energy sources. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

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There is a clear trend in the world towards displacing the use of fossil fuels (coal, oil, uranium) for electricity generation. The main task in our time is to save electricity. In this regard, it is necessary to recall such an ancient form of energy as geothermy.

A person used the heat of the earth's interior when it was cold to be on the earth's surface. Those who have been in the subway have probably paid attention to the natural air conditioning, which happens by itself without any energy consumption. The underground is cool in summer and warm in winter. Thus, cavemen did not have big problems with housing heating. Those who had a chance to test the dugout can also confirm that it is warmer underground in frost, and it is also warmer in huts with an earthen floor. My friend built a workshop in the hillside. One of the walls had to be made of concrete, as it was below ground level. We were afraid that the concrete would blow cold, but even in the most severe frosts, the wall remained warm. For such walls, it is better to choose the southern slope, then the house will be both warm and light.

Nowadays, experimental underground housing is being built, but it does not reach the mass scale. There's nothing you can do - force of habit...

The number one problem with underground housing is its lighting. With the invention of fiber optic lines, this problem can be solved by using mirror reflectors that collect outdoor daylight.

The invention of heat pipes made it possible to transfer the internal heat of the Earth to its surface. Making a heat pipe is easy. To do this, a metal pipe plugged on one side is partially filled with water, brought to a rapid boil by external heating, and after waiting for an intensive release of steam, they are sealed. It turns out a closed condensation-evaporation system that uses gravity to intensively transfer heat from the bottom up. In zero gravity, the heat pipe does not work.

If you hammer several heat pipes into the ground to the groundwater level (see figure), then you can heat the room. Heat from such heating is not expected, but the heat pipes will no longer freeze. This is provided that the heat will not be wasted through leaks and poor thermal insulation of the ceiling, walls, windows and doors. In the old days, “dry wells” were used instead of heat pipes, they can still be found in man-made caves and ancient castles. The role of the coolant in such wells was played not by water vapor, but by ordinary air.

Geothermal energy sources

As you can see, it is possible to save heat and electricity using such an unusual method as geothermy. Although this term is more understood as power plants operating on geothermal waters - underground hot springs located in areas of volcanic activity. In Russia, such power plants are located in Kamchatka.

Of course, the warmth of the Earth is not the only gift of nature that gives us the opportunity to save electricity. Exploring the history of people's life, as well as the history of technology, you can find many interesting inventions and discoveries that, for one reason or another, have long been forgotten. Collecting such “trifles”, you become more and more convinced that there is nothing fundamentally unsolvable in the energy problem.

Author: Y. Borodaty, Ivano-Frankivsk region.

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