Recharger. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells
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To ensure that long-term storage does not lead to damage to the battery, it must be constantly maintained in a charged state. Manufacturers recommend charging batteries with a current equal to 0,1 of the rated capacity (i.e. for 6ST-55, the charging current will be 5,5 A), but this is only suitable for quickly charging a "planted" battery.
As practice shows, to recharge the battery during long-term storage, a small current is required, about 0,1 ... 0,3 A (for 6ST-55).
If a stored battery is periodically, about once a month, put on such recharging for 2-3 days, then you can be sure that it will be ready for use at any time, even after several years of such storage (practically verified).
The figure shows a simple "recharging" device circuit.
The circuit is a simple transformerless power supply that delivers a constant voltage of 14,4 V at a current of up to 0,4 A.
The source is built according to the scheme of a parametric stabilizer with capacitive ballast resistance. The voltage from the mains is supplied to the bridge rectifier VD1 - VD4 through the capacitor C1. At the output of the rectifier, a 5 V VD14,4 zener diode is turned on. Capacitor C1 dampens the excess voltage and limits the current to a value of no more than 0,4 A. Capacitor C2 smoothes out the ripple of the rectified voltage.
The battery is connected in parallel VD5.
When the battery self-discharges to a voltage below 14,4 V, its “soft” charging with a weak current begins, and the value of this current is inversely related to the voltage on the battery. But in any case (even with a short circuit) it does not exceed 0,4 A. When the battery is charged to a voltage of 14,4 V, the charging current stops altogether.
The device uses: capacitor C1 - paper BMT or any non-polar 3 ... 5 μF and voltage not lower than 300 V, C2 - K50-3 or any electrolytic 100 - 500 μF, voltage not lower than 16 V; rectifier diodes VD1 - VD4 - D226, KD105, KD208, KD209, etc.; zener diode D815E or others for a voltage of 14 ... 14,5 V at a current of at least 0,7 A.
The whole device can be assembled in a case from a burned-out network adapter for a television game console. It is connected to the battery using a long cable (telephone two-wire cable) with large "crocodiles" at the ends.
When operating devices of this type, it is necessary to observe the safety rules when working with electrical installations.
Author: Shelestov I.P.
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