Powerful power regulator on the triac. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Powerful power regulator on the triac. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Regulators of current, voltage, power

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The device is designed to control the power supplied to the active load (incandescent lamps, heaters) from the 220 V AC mains.

Control limits from 0 to almost 220 V. Maximum load power 5,5 kW when using triac TC142-63-6 installed on cooler 0241, with free cooling.

The principle of operation of the device is based on full-wave phase control of the triac VS1 (the electrical circuit is shown in the figure).

(click to enlarge)

The rectifier bridge VD1-VD4 and the zener diode VD5 provide power to the unijunction transistor VT1. Resistor R1 dampens excess mains voltage. The triac opening delay in phase determines the charging time of the capacitor C1 through resistors R2 and R3 from a voltage source, the level of which is determined by the zener diode VD5 and the transmission coefficient of the n-unijunction transistor VT1.

At a certain threshold voltage on the capacitor C1, the unijunction transistor opens and a voltage pulse appears on its load resistor R5, which opens the transistor VT2 of the power amplifier. Capacitor C2, which was previously charged from the power supply of the control pulse power amplifier (R7, VD7, VD8, VD9, C3), is discharged through the opened VT2 and the primary winding of the transformer T1. The voltage pulse on the secondary winding of the transformer opens the triac VS1, the capacitor C1 is again discharged to the closing voltage of the unijunction transistor VT1. After turning off the triac VS1, the capacitor C1 charges again, the next cycle of the triac control unit begins. The variable resistor R2 regulates the power supplied to the load.

The regulator uses fixed resistors MLT, variable resistor R2 type SP4-2M. Capacitor C1 type KM-6, C2 - K50-6. Triac VS1 type T142-63-6. The T1 transformer of the MIT-4 type can be made on the K16Ch10Ch4,5 ring magnetic circuit from 2000NM ferrite.

The windings contain 100 turns of PESHO-0,12 wire. With serviceable elements and correct phasing of the windings of the transformer T1, the regulator starts to work without tuning.

Author: V.F. Yakovlev

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