Economical AC voltage stabilizer. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Surge Protectors

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The economical AC voltage stabilizer is designed to power electronic household equipment from the mains, the power consumption of which does not exceed 500 W at a mains voltage of 220 V and 270 W at 127 V. The stabilizer not only automatically maintains the output voltage within the established tolerances (+5 ... - 10%) of the nominal when the mains voltage changes from 175 to 255 V, but also automatically turns on when turned on and turns off when the load is turned off.

The stabilizer does not distort the shape of the output voltage curve, almost does not create interference and noise, and does not heat up when operating at a rated load. The efficiency of the stabilizer is 96%, i.e., almost the same as that of a conventional transformer.

(click to enlarge)

The basis of the stabilizer is the voltage boost transformer T1, one of the windings of which is constantly connected in series with the load, and the other two automatically switch depending on the mains voltage.

The on/off switch is assembled on a T1 transformer and a K1 reed relay. The relay is powered from the secondary winding of the transformer through a rectifier on diodes VI and V2. When a load with a power of more than 50 W is turned on, a current appears through the transformer T1, the relay K1 turns on and with its contacts K1.1 connects the transformer T2 to the network, which feeds through the rectifiers V3-V6 and V7-V10 two relay-regulators assembled on the electromagnetic relays K2, K4 and K3, K5. Trimmer resistors R2-R5 are necessary to configure the relay-regulators to operate within certain tolerances of the changing mains voltage. Contacts K2.1 and K4.2 switch the windings of the voltage boost transformer T1, relay contacts K3 and K5 are used to switch power to relays K2 and K4.

The stabilizer is placed in a metal casing with holes for access to the slots of the tuning resistors. Ventilation holes are not required. A socket is installed on the casing to turn on the load, fuse blocks and a mains voltage switch.

Transformer data are given in the table.

Transformer T1 - output from the receiver "Speedol"; the primary winding with a tap is used as the secondary. Interwinding insulation - four layers of varnished fabric. At transformer T1, winding I is wound last. Relay K3, K5 - type RES-49 (passport RS4 569.423), K2, K4 - REN-32 (passport RF4.519.024), K1 - RES-55A (passport RS4.559 610).

Before connecting the stabilizer to the network, check it as follows: with the load outputs open, the resistance on the side of the connection to the network must be 2 MΩ. In case of a short circuit at the output of the stabilizer, the resistance between the pins of the stabilizer power plug should be 1 ... 2 Ohm.

Establishing a stabilizer comes down to setting the construction resistors R2-R5 to the required stabilization range. The setting should be made with a load of at least 300 W.

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