Universal battery charger. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells
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First design
The rectifier (Fig. 1) is assembled according to a bridge circuit on four D1-D4 diodes of the D305 type. The strength of the charging current is regulated using a powerful transistor T1, connected according to the compound triode circuit. When the bias taken to the base of the triode from the potentiometer R1 changes, the resistance of the collector-emitter circuit of the transistor changes. In this case, the charging current can be changed from 25 mA to 6 A at a voltage at the rectifier output from 1,5 to 14 V.
Ris.1
Resistor R2 at the output of the rectifier allows you to set the output voltage of the rectifier when the load is off. The transformer is assembled on a core with a cross section of 16 cm2. The primary winding is designed to be connected to a network with a voltage of 127 V (pins 1-2) or 220 V (pins 1-3) and contains 350 + 325 turns of PEV 0,35 wire, the secondary winding - 45 turns of PEV 1,5 wire. Transistor T1 is mounted on a metal radiator, the surface area of which must be at least 350 cm2 on both sides of the plate with a thickness of at least 3 mm.
Second design
The scheme shown in fig. 2 differs from the previous one in that in order to increase the maximum current to 10 A, transistors T1 and T2 are connected in parallel. The bias to the bases of transistors, by changing which the charging current is regulated, is removed from the rectifier, made on diodes D5-D6.
Ris.2
When charging 6-volt batteries, the switch is set to position 1, 12-volt batteries - to position 2. The transformer windings contain the following number of turns: 1a - 328 turns of PEV wire 0,85; 1b - 233 turns of wire PEV 0,63; II - 41 + 41 turns of wire PEV 1,87; III - 7 + 7 turns of wire PEV 0,63. Core - USh35 x 55.
Author: Bastanov V.G.
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