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Hellebore. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Hellebore, Veratrum. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Chemeritsa (Veratrum)

Family: Colchic (Melanthiaceae)

Origin: Hellebore is found in the northern hemisphere, mainly in temperate and cold climates, from the Arctic to the mountainous regions of the tropics.

Area: Plants of the genus Hellebore are found in North America, Europe, Asia and North Africa.

Chemical composition: Plants of the genus Chemeritsa contain alkaloids veratridine, cevadellin, pseudoveratrin, veraloside-N, galantamine, etc.

Economic value: Despite the presence of poisonous alkaloids, some species of the Hellebore genus are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, including stomach pain, headache and convulsions. Hellebore can also be used as an insecticide and rodenticide.

Legends, myths, symbolism: In ancient Greek mythology, hellebore is associated with the god Apollo and his sister Artemis. According to legend, Artemis killed a beautiful bird and took its wings to fly. She later gave wings to Apollo, who tried to fly but fell and died. As a token of his memory, Artemis planted hellebore on his grave. Hellebore can be associated with death and danger due to its poisonous nature. Hellebore can also be associated with greatness and power, due to its height and imposing appearance.

Hellebore, Veratrum. Description, illustrations of the plant

Hellebore, Veratrum. The value of the plant, the procurement of raw materials, the use in traditional medicine and cooking

Hellebore - she is the first to get fresh dawns, deep dews and dense pre-autumn fogs. After all, hellebore is an inhabitant of floodplains, wet meadows and swampy nekos, and there, of course, dampness and cold. Lonely and mysteriously, she stands idle among the meager, early aging herbage, standing out with tight stems over the entire not numerous green retinue.

Powerful, to match corn (and outwardly a bit similar to it, although it does not belong to cereals, but to lilies), hellebore really grows only in wild lands, on long unplowed areas. And how could it be otherwise, if this perennial blooms only in the twentieth, or even in the thirtieth year of life! Only then does the grass acquire a panicle of whitish-green large flowers.

And the whole term of her life extends to fifty or more years. The above-ground part of the grass dies off every autumn, and the rhizome goes under the snow alive. It will wait out the winter in the cold soil, but as warm days return and the sod warms up, the fleshy rhizome will wake up from a long sleep and again begin to expel a strong green stem wrapped in large leaves. However, at a young age, hellebore has a few leaves: first one, a year later two.

By the time of flowering, the grass finally gains ten, occasionally fifteen leaves, and at this their count stops. Hellebore has reached adulthood and the main thing for her now is to give seeds. But there is no hurry with fruiting - even lush individuals bloom at intervals of two to three years.

Let's take a closer look at the ugly girl among the lilies, maybe she also has something interesting? This is a very poisonous plant, a real "green anchar". Two grams of its fresh roots kill a horse. It is toxic to all aboveground and underground parts, especially the roots and rhizome are poisonous. That is why cattle do not touch hellebore either in the meadow or in the stalls.

Cows will pass indifferently in the pasture, and horses will not bend down. After all, domestic animals, according to foragers-feeders, "will gnaw everything good, and bypass the bad." It happens, however, that some stupid calf will eat hellebore. Poisoning will take its toll. Soon the poor fellow begins erratic movements, then he develops weakness, profuse salivation, convulsions. Only prompt veterinary intervention can save the animal from death.

But poisons, as you know, are curative. They have long been in the arsenal of medicines. For example, in folk medicine, the same hellebore was widely used as an external agent for various kinds of rubbing and pain relief. Her alcohol infusions, water decoctions, ointments were used for neuralgia and inflammatory diseases of the joints. This grass also got rid of lice, the peasants poisoned cockroaches with it. “Would you please advise the Prussian cockroaches to regale with hellebore? Namely: after digging up its roots, scraping and cleaning it clean, put it in front in fresh sour cream and molasses for a week, so that they are fed, and then regale them,” we read in one of the works of A T. Bolotov for 1782.

Only the rhizomes of autumn digging go to the pharmacy collection. It is after the death of the tops that the root system has the largest reserve of valuable potent alkaloids, gakil, lacprotoveratrin. They dig the hellebore carefully, trying not to peel, not to spoil the adventitious roots. After the tops are carefully cut off, and the rhizomes with a dense lobe of roots are cleaned of the ground, washed in cold water, cut lengthwise into pieces and laid out in a warm room to dry: dry rhizome is dark brown on the outside, gray on the break. All sorting and packing of raw materials are carried out in a moistened gauze mask, otherwise caustic dust, irritating the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, will cause prolonged sneezing.

Store hellebore separately from other medicines. Shelf life - three years.

Hellebore is not forgotten in veterinary practice either. Hellebore water harasses parasitic insects, it also strengthens the chewing gum in cattle, and decoctions are used as emetic for pigs and dogs. Hellebore ointment is a proven remedy for scabies. But what is especially interesting is that recently the "green anchar" has gained exceptional attention from amateur gardeners. After all, it was hellebore infusions that turned out to be the easiest way to get rid of such garden pests as apple moth, aphids, codling moth, ringed silkworm and cherry slimy sawfly.

Make an insecticidal infusion according to the strength of every gardener. For this, 250 grams of dry rhizomes are placed in a bucket of water, the infusion aged for two days is decanted, after which it is ready for spraying. If there are no dry roots at hand, they look for raw tops in the meadow and already make infusions on it, increasing, of course, the dosage of poisonous raw materials. It is better to take the tops of the younger one in May. This is just the month when it is not always safe to protect the garden from insects with chemical means, and hellebore helps resourceful owners well. Against the bear and rodents, poisoned baits are used, which are prepared on the basis of hellebore.

Helps hellebore and gardeners. With infusions of this plant, it is easy to destroy six-legged pests, such as gamma scoops and cabbage whites. Against the rapeseed beetle and beet weevil beetles, it is a good idea to dust the plantings with hellebore powder. To do this, grind dry roots or grind into a fine powder, which then powder the plants in compliance with all the rules for contact with poison.

In meadows littered with hellebore, this grass is found in such abundance that sometimes you can count up to thirty of its individuals per square meter. There are extremely many hellebore in the Stavropol region, the Volga region and Belarus. Researchers noticed an interesting fact: in Altai, Armenia and some areas of the Chelyabinsk region, Lobel hellebore is devoid of toxic alkaloids and, of course, is not suitable for harvesting.

In total, 12 types of hellebore are known. The white hellebore (V. album) is very similar to Lobel's hellebore. She has the same stem-embracing arcuate leaves and she is the same height, only the flowers are not whitish-green, but white. It is also pollinated by flies. The rhizomes of white hellebore are suitable for both pharmaceutical and household collection. It grows mainly in the West of Ukraine, in the Carpathians and the Far East.

The Latin name for hellebore - Veratrum has been attached to them since ancient times (as they are mentioned in the writings of Pliny). The specific name - "Lobel hellebore" is given in honor of the Dutch botanist Lobel, who lived from 1538 to 1616. Russian folk nicknames for the "green anchor" are top, chemera, kadklo. Peasants sprinkled the wounds of animals “from worms” with leaf powder, washed with decoctions of the root from scalyness, and rubbed with ointment from scabies. On pastures and custom meadows, hellebore must be mowed and removed, because this grass is very poisonous on the vine in hay. It blooms in June - July.

Author: Strizhev A.N.

Hellebore, Veratrum. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Due to its high toxicity, chimerica is not used in traditional medicine and cosmetology.

Hellebore, Veratrum. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Hellebore (Veratrum) is a genus of perennial herbaceous plants that are grown as ornamental and medicinal plants.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing hellebore:

Cultivation:

• Choose a landing site that is located in a sunny or semi-shady location, depending on the type of hellebore.
• Prepare the soil by adding organic compost and sand if the soil is too clay or heavy.
• Plant the plants at a depth of about 5-7 cm and with an interval of 30-60 cm between them, depending on the type of hellebore.
• Water the plants regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged.
• Fertilize plants sparingly, using flower plant fertilizers.

Workpiece:

• Harvest hellebore roots and leaves during the summer or fall when they are in good condition.
• Separate roots and leaves from other debris that may attach to them.
• Leave the roots and leaves in a ventilated area to dry.
• Store hellebore roots and leaves in storage bags or tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry place.

Storage:

• Store hellebore roots and leaves in a cool and dry place at 0 to 5°C.
• Provide adequate ventilation to prevent mold growth.
• Do not allow too high or low humidity to avoid rotting of plant material.
• Periodically check roots and leaves for mold or rot and remove damaged plant parts.

Please note that some types of hellebore are poisonous and can be dangerous to humans and animals.

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