Avalanche resuscitation (recovery) of batteries. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Avalanche resuscitation (recovery) of batteries. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells

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Of course, the chemical processes that occur in galvanic cells during their operation are, as a rule, irreversible, but, nevertheless, it is very tempting to restore at least part of their capacity. The essence of my "know-how" lies in the fact that when the charging voltage is 3 ... 4 times more than required, an "avalanche" charging process occurs, even for completely discharged cells.

Avalanche resuscitation (recovery) of batteries. Schematic diagram of the charger
Rice. 1. Schematic diagram of the charger

The transformer can be used from old radio equipment. The charging current in this mode is quite large (up to 550 mA for AA batteries). In more "solid" batteries, it is, of course, even more. In this way, even salt batteries are charged. Batteries are badly charged, and it happens that the batteries, on which "ALKALINE" is written, fail. During the experiments, it was possible to restore several "finger-type" batteries. For them, as well as for quite expensive phone batteries, it is better to first pre-charge in the normal mode and then discharge through a 2.5..3.5 V x 0,35 A light bulb. If the battery has not recovered after that, you can try the "avalanche" process. When this does not help, it remains to open the battery (consisting of several elements), find the defective element and replace it. After that, try to charge first in the usual way, then - "avalanche".

You can try charging with asymmetric current, but with increased voltage. In this way, even the so-called "square" batteries are charged, the "grandmother" of which was "KBS-1". For them, the charging voltage must be increased to 28 V.

The battery charging time is approximately 30 ... 40 minutes, i.e. significantly less than usual. Charged batteries are best for powering low-power equipment (radio receivers, etc.). The player quickly absorbs the "supply of electricity", and the batteries are enough for only 2 ... 3 cassettes. Resuscitated batteries, as a rule, are no longer subject to "normal" charging and are charged only by "avalanche" charging. Batteries are usually enough for 10 ... 15 charges, batteries - for 30 ... 50, after which they become completely uncharged, and they can be thrown away with a clear conscience. This usually manifests itself in the fact that when the battery is connected to the charger, the current does not exceed 50 ... 70 mA.

When charging (especially "square" batteries), you need to monitor their temperature (you can just "touch"). If the temperature exceeds 50°C, disconnect the battery immediately. Charging can be continued after the element cools down, then its operating time will increase. Charging is considered complete when the current drops to approximately 100 mA. Good results after charging show "VARTA" batteries; DAEWOO. I have been feeding my receiver for a long time only with such batteries, and their capacity is enough for 3 ... 6 hours of continuous operation. Batteries for a flashlight (D-0,26), various "tablet" elements for watches and games do not tolerate "avalanche" charging well. They swell and fail.

Author: V. Mamonov, Stavropol; Publication: cxem.net

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