Guitar tuning on TV. Scheme, description

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Guitar tuning on TV. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Musician

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Tuning a guitar involves at least two steps: tuning one of the strings to a reference frequency (for this purpose, the first string and a tuning fork with a frequency of 440 Hz are usually used) and tuning the remaining strings to it. But if at the second stage any instruments are not required, then at the first stage a sound source of exemplary frequency is needed. Meanwhile, in every home there is a TV, the frame rate of which (more precisely, half-frames from even and odd lines) is 50 Hz. This frequency is very stable, so it can be used as a reference.

For tuning, the guitar neck 1 (see figure) is placed vertically in such a way that the sixth string 2 is visible against the background of the luminous TV screen 4. If we now make it oscillate, we can observe oscillation waves 3 (they are "deployed" by the TV). With a multiple ratio of the vibration frequencies of the string and the television sweep, the wave will be motionless. The figure shows the case when the frequency of vibrations of the string is 50 Hz.

Tuning your guitar on TV

However, the frequencies of the notes are not a multiple of 50, so it is pointless to achieve accurate synchronization of vibrations - the system will be non-standard. But it is known that the vibration frequency corresponding to the note G (third fret, sixth string) is 97,999 - 98 Hz, and the note G # (fourth fret) is 103,826 Hz "104 Hz. When playing these notes, almost two periods of vibration of the string are observed. From - due to the non-multiplicity of frequencies in the first case, the waves move down with a frequency of 2 Hz (100 - 98), and in the second - up with a frequency of 4 Hz (104 - 100), i.e., at a speed twice as high. different signs of the deviation of the vibration frequencies of the string from the second harmonic of the TV sweep frequency.

The accuracy of this setting is quite high. Let us estimate, for example, the error when the speeds of the waves moving up and down are the same, i.e. if the frequency of the note G = 97 Hz, and the note G# = 103 Hz. It is easy to verify that in both cases it does not exceed 1%: (98 - 97)/98 = 0,0102; (104 -103)/104 = 0,0096. Note that with a small skill, it is not difficult to obtain wave velocities that differ by a factor of two, so the actual tuning accuracy is much higher.

Author: I. Terekhin, Ryazan

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