Christmas tree garland switcher. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Christmas tree garland switcher. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Color and music installations, garlands

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The proposed device is designed for smooth switching of a conventional network Christmas tree garland with a frequency of 0,2...2 Hz. The brightness of the lamps can be adjusted. It is assumed to use a garland with a supply voltage of 220V, with a power of no more than 100 W.

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The switching frequency is controlled by a multivibrator assembled on elements DD1.3, DD1.4. The shift in the opening moment of the thyristor VD6 from the beginning of the half-cycle of the mains voltage occurs due to the delay in switching the inverters on the logical elements DD1.1 and DD1.2, formed by the circuit R6, R7, R9, C3. In each half-cycle of the network voltage, capacitor C3 is slowly charged through resistors R5, R6, R7 and quickly discharged after switching elements DD1.1, DD1.2 through diode VD10 and the opened thyristor VD6.

The initial voltage phase shift, which determines the brightness of the garland lamps, is set with trimming resistor R6. The desired switching frequency of the multivibrator is set with trimming resistor R8.

It is best to choose capacitor C4 non-polar. It is possible to use an oxide capacitor with low leakage current.

When setting up the device, remember that its elements are under mains voltage. First, turn off one of the terminals of the diode VD11 and adjust the power regulator so that when the slider of resistor R6 is moved, the illumination of the garland lamps changes from zero to nominal. After connecting the diode VD11, the tuning resistor R8 sets the desired switching frequency of the garland. The trimming resistor R9 is used to ensure that capacitor C2 has time to fully charge during the half-cycle of the multivibrator switching; this ensures smooth switching of the garland.
If necessary, the power of the garland can be increased. To do this, the KU202K thyristor must be installed on a heat sink, and the bridge diodes must be replaced with ones that support the appropriate load current (they will also have to be installed on radiators). If instead of a thyristor you use a KU208 triac, then a diode bridge is not required at all, and the power of the garland can be increased to 2 kW.

The above circuit implements the simplest lighting effect - smooth blinking of lamps. It is one of the most primitive designs of lighting effects machines.

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