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Author: V. Burundukov; Publication: bluesmobile.com/shikhman
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Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
Machine for thinning flowers in gardens
02.05.2024
In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers.
... >>
Advanced Infrared Microscope
02.05.2024
Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>
Air trap for insects
01.05.2024
Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>
| Random news from the Archive Found the cause of autoimmune diseases
13.10.2017
Scientists from the US and Denmark, led by Soren Degn, of Aarhus University and Boston Children's Hospital, have found a trigger for autoimmune diseases, a key process that can be very helpful in their treatment if blocked.
For a long time, experts have been trying to understand the nature of epitope spread - a process in which the body's immune response spreads from a foreign object (for example, proteins of the cell membrane of viruses) to its own cells and tissues, leading to the development of the most dangerous autoimmune diseases. Degn and colleagues were able to shed light on this mechanism by studying the development of lupus in mice.
A key role in the immune response is played by B-lymphocytes, which, after antigen recognition, gather in special clusters in the lymph nodes - germinal centers - and begin to produce antibodies there. At the same time, different B-lymphocytes multiply rapidly and their clones compete with each other, so that in the end the clone that resists the antigen most effectively survives. When the system fails and the body mistakes its own normal protein for someone else's and harmful, B-lymphocytes, in the same way, begin to create a weapon against it - autoantibodies.
The Danish-American team followed the fate of different types of B-lymphocytes using the "confetti method", when they are stained under a microscope in different bright colors by attaching fluorescent marker proteins. It turned out that B-lymphocytes that produce autoantibodies and won their internal "arms race" with them, then begin to "recruit" their fellows - other B-lymphocytes - so that they also connect to the autoantibody response. This is how epitope propagation begins.
"It happens just like a thrown pebble creates circles on the water," Degn explained metaphorically.
This is an interesting and important discovery that could help develop a new way to fight autoimmune diseases. The idea is to somehow block the operation of the germinal centers. This would reset the "short-term memory" of the immune system, preventing epitope spread. However, the authors of the article themselves stipulate that it is still unclear how this can be done, and further research will be needed.
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