Calculation of a stabilizer for a vibration pump. Scheme, description

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Calculation of a stabilizer for a vibration pump. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Home, household, hobby

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In my articleStabilizer and "watchman" for the vibration pump"(" Radio ", 2002, No. 3, pp. 25, 26) a device was proposed that maintains the performance of the Malysh vibration water pump close to nominal with significant voltage deviations from 220 V characteristic of rural power networks. An equivalent circuit of a pump with a stabilizer is shown in Fig. 1. It is possible to use a similar stabilizer with other pumps, but for this it will be necessary to calculate new parameters of the elements of the stabilizing circuit LstCst.

Calculation of the stabilizer for a vibration pump

The initial data for the calculation are the dependences of the active RH and reactive Хн = 2πFLH (F=50 Hz) components of the pump resistance on the voltage UH applied to it. The active resistance RH characterizes the energy consumption for magnetization reversal of the magnetic circuit and the movement of the moving parts of the pump, for heating the winding and connecting wires. The reactance Xn characterizes the energy stored in the magnetic field of the pump winding.

Knowing the voltage UH, the current In and the active power Рn consumed by the pump, the required values are found by the formulas:

However, to measure the power Rn, a wattmeter is needed - a rather rare device in amateur radio practice. Using the method proposed below, you can determine the parameters of the equivalent circuit, having only a voltmeter and an ammeter.

The test setup is assembled according to the scheme shown in Fig. 2. The resistance of the resistor R1 should be as close as possible to the expected value of the pump impedance modulus |Zн| and corresponding power. They can serve, for example, a burner of an electric stove or a heating element of any electric heater.

Calculation of the stabilizer for a vibration pump

We test the pump immersed in water, the voltage applied to it and the resistor R1 is regulated using the autotransformer T1. We begin measurements at the minimum voltage allowed for the pump. Let's say it's 180 V.

By closing the switch S1, we measure the pump current lH. Further, by closing the switch S2, we measure the total current I∑ consumed by the pump together with the resistor R1. Opening S1, but leaving S2 closed, we measure the current of the resistor lR1

separately. Now you can open switch S2, calculate the power factor using the formula

and the components of the impedance of the pump - according to the formulas (1-3). We repeat the described procedure at nominal (220 V) and maximum (for example, 240 V) voltages.

The reactance of the stabilizing circuit connected in series with the pump is

To stabilize the performance of the pump during fluctuations in the mains voltage U, the value of Xk must depend on the voltage according to the law

Here In0 is the current consumed by the pump at the rated mains voltage U0=220 V. Substituting the values found in the previous step into the formula, we find the minimum Xk min and maximum Xk max of the loop resistance when the voltage changes in a given interval.

The reactance of the capacitor Cst must satisfy the condition

We select a capacitor with a nominal capacity closest to the value determined by the formula

and recalculate the value of Xc. The capacitor must withstand an alternating voltage, the effective value of which reaches

Starting to calculate the inductor Lst, we find the maximum current flowing through it

and winding wire diameter

The cross section of the W-shaped steel magnetic circuit of the inductor is selected from the condition

To determine the number of turns of the winding, we use the well-known method of experimental evaluation of the characteristics of the magnetic circuit. With a mounting wire with a cross section of 1 ... 1,5 mm2, we wind a test winding of wnp \u50d 200 ... 3 turns on it, connect it through an ammeter to an adjustable autotransformer and, gradually increasing the voltage, remove the current-voltage characteristic similar to that shown in Fig. XNUMX.

Calculation of the stabilizer for a vibration pump

On the vertical axis here is the EMF of self-induction, calculated by the formula

where r is the resistance of the test winding, measured with an ohmmeter.

Having determined the saturation EMF Enas according to the graph, the number of turns of the inductor winding is found by the formula

We check the possibility of placing the winding in the window of the magnetic circuit with a width b and a height n. If the condition

not done, you will have to take a larger magnetic circuit. For the convenience of adjusting the stabilizer, I recommend providing several taps from the inductor winding.

Author: B.Porohnyaviy, Krasnoyarsk

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