A simple load power regulator based on an electric drill regulator. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Power regulators, thermometers, heat stabilizers

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A simple load power regulator can be made from an industrial phase regulator of the speed of rotation of an electric drill BUE-ZVR1. This device has small dimensions of 50x55 mm, excluding the handle of the reversing switch. Its purpose is to regulate the rotational speed of AC collector motors.

As for the electric drill control units (BUE) in general, they are made according to the same principle and contain a multi-turn variable resistor and a triac inside. As elements of the "body kit" in the circuit, there is a double non-polar capacitor (type K73-53-3 or similar) with a tap from the midpoint - it is necessary to smooth out voltage surges through the excitation winding of the drill. On sale there are industrial devices similar to it (in appearance and marking) with the marking BUE, GRN (voltage regulator), etc. applied to the case.

The maximum voltage is supplied to the load when the variable resistor (connected according to the posistor circuit) has a minimum resistance. In some types of BUE (as in BUE-ZVR1), a reverse switch is provided for reverse rotation of the electric motor. In the designation of the device, this is indicated by the letter "P". The designation of the number after the abbreviation BUE corresponds to the maximum current in the load that this regulator is capable of. For example, GRN-1-220 is designed for a current of 1 A and a voltage of 220 V.

In other related devices, for example BUE-1, there is no reverse mode, but the switching circuit of all BUEs is identical. The voltage supplied to the load is controlled by changing the triac opening delay relative to the moment the voltage (sinusoid) passes through "0".

The current consumed by BUE-ZVR1 without load "in idle mode" is only 10 mA. The BUE has a button for mechanical fixation of the switching position (in this case it is important) - for using the device as a power regulator in the load. Before use, the mechanical "trigger" of inclusion must be drowned to the limit and fixed in this position with the lock button. The variable resistor knob located at the end of the "trigger" controls the output voltage. These BUE parameters made it possible to conduct an experiment using the unit as a voltage regulator on the load, in the form of an incandescent lamp. The BUE connection diagram is shown in the figure.

The electrical circuit for switching on the electric drill control unit (BUE)

The power of the EL1 lamp must not exceed 400W. A voltmeter connected in parallel with the lamp showed a voltage of 35 V at one extreme position of the regulator, 225 V at the other. The experiment was carried out in the evening under artificial lighting with a voltage frequency in the lighting network of 50 Hz and a voltage of 228 V. In addition to an incandescent lamp for a voltage of 220 V, you can use a soldering iron (thus limiting its power) and other suitable devices.

No other elements were required for the load power regulator. The cost of BUE in electrical stores today does not exceed 70 rubles. The input and output circuits are connected according to the pinout and terminals drawn on the BUE case. The contact of the ECU labeled "1", used to connect the capacitors and the motor field winding, is ignored.

The described BUE is designed to work with both active and inductive loads with a load power of up to 400 W (we are talking about temporary switching on of the load). That is, the use of the ECU in 24-hour mode with a load of 400 W will disable it due to violation of the thermal regime. For long-term use, it is necessary to carefully disassemble the BUE case and install the thyristor on a cooling radiator with an area of ​​at least 200 cm2. The adjustment range of the effective voltage on the load relative to the input voltage of 220 V is within 15 ... 98%. Operating temperature range -40...+70° С.

Author: A.Kashkarov, St. Petersburg

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