Refinement of the welding machine. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Refinement of the welding machine. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / welding equipment

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The connection of steel parts by welding has recently become commonplace for many amateur craftsmen. In this regard, it should be noted that due to the high cost of factory-made welding machines, home-made devices powered by a 220 V mains are widely used. Their welding current is usually alternating.

Such devices are simple and inexpensive, but it is difficult to work with them, and the quality of the weld is often unsatisfactory. It is much more convenient to work on direct current, for which it is necessary to build a rectifier and a ballast choke into the apparatus. The scheme of the modified device is shown in the figure.

Finalization of the welding machine

For work in the rectifier VD1 - VD4, in addition to those indicated in the diagram, diodes D161-250, D161-320, V200 are suitable. They should be installed on heat sinks with a large effective surface. In the author's version, serial heat sinks 0171-80 are used.

The introduction of a choke makes it possible to significantly facilitate the ignition of the welding arc and ensures its greater stability. The L1 inductor is made on a magnetic circuit from a TS-270 mains transformer of an old tube TV. All windings of the transformer must be removed, and a winding of 20-30 turns of rectangular copper wire with an area of 16 ... 22 mm² should be wound on each of its frame. The windings are connected in series according to. Between the halves of the magnetic circuit, during assembly, it is necessary to put spacers made of textolite with a thickness of 0,3 ... 0,5 mm.

Structurally, the rectifier and choke are mounted as an autonomous attachment, which allows you to quickly change the type of welding current and facilitates the delivery of welding equipment to the place of work. The prefix was practically tested with various home-made welding machines and received good reviews from both experienced welders and beginners.

For those who are going to make the described prefix for themselves, we advise you to read the books of Gevorkyan V. G. (Fundamentals of welding. Textbook for technical schools, ed. 5, revised and additional - M .: Higher school, 1991), Chebovsky O. G (Power semiconductor devices. Handbook, ed. 2, revised and additional - M.: Energoatomizdat, 1985). In these books, readers will find a lot of useful information about the design of welding machines, materials for their manufacture and welding practice.

Author: A.Klabukov, S.Babintsev, Kirov

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