Automatic water pump. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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An automatic device that allows you to control the water level in two places at once - in its source (well) and in the receiving tank, was described in the Radio magazine (1998, No. 5, pp. 45, 46). For its operation, it was required to install four sensors. The new version of this machine has only two sensors.

It was possible to do this by changing the operation algorithm: instead of the hysteresis in terms of water levels in the tanks, a time delay is used to turn on the pump after it is turned off.

The scheme of the modified part of the machine is shown in the figure.

A sensor installed in the receiving tank at the maximum allowable water level is connected to contact 1, and a sensor located in the well at the minimum level is connected to contact 2. The device works like this.

When the power is turned on, the differentiating circuit C3R5 generates a short pulse at the input S of the trigger DD1. Regardless of the voltages at the other inputs, the direct output 1 of the trigger appears at the same time the level of the log. 1, setting the counters of the DD3 chip to zero.

The voltage at the inverted output 2 of the DDI trigger, which controls the operation of the pump, and the further behavior of the device is determined by the water levels in the well and the receiving tank. If at the moment the pump is turned on, the water level in the well exceeds the minimum, and the receiving tank is not full, there is a high logic level at both inputs of the DD2.1 element, and a low logic level at the input R of the trigger DD1. After the initial set pulse, the flip-flop will remain in the single state. Voltage log. 0 from its inverted output turns on the pump motor. The counters of the DD3 chip are inhibited by a log signal. 1 coming to their inputs R from the direct output of the trigger DD1.

As soon as the receiving tank is full or the water in the well falls below the permissible level, the input R of the DDI trigger will post the log level. 1, the trigger will switch to the zero state. The pump will turn off and the log. 0 from a direct DDI output will enable the chip counters. The frequency of the master oscillator on the elements of the chip DD3, R7. C4 is 2100 Hz, so after 32768x39/2100=608 s (about 10 minutes) [1] a positive voltage drop appears at the output M of the DD3 microcircuit. If by this time the conditions for turning on the pump are met, the input R of the trigger DD1 will be log. 0 and, since there is a log at its input D. 1, it will go to the single state and the pump will turn on. If at this moment there is no need to turn on the pump, trigger DD1 will remain in the zero state.

The next attempt to turn on will occur after a full oscillation period at the output M of the DD3 microcircuit, i.e. after another 32768x60 / 2100 = 936 s (approximately 15 minutes). Attempts will be repeated every 15 minutes until the conditions for turning on the pump are met.

If, at the time of power supply, the conditions for turning on the pump are not met, the voltage at the inverted output 2 of the trigger DD1 remains high, the pump will not turn on. The first attempt to turn it on will occur after 10 minutes, the rest - every 15 minutes.

The device practically does not need to be adjusted, if desired, you can set a different rhythm of its operation by recalculating the values ​​​​of the elements R7 and C4, respectively.

As microcircuits DD1 and DD2, you can use the corresponding devices of other CMOS series, and install K3IE176 in place of DD18. K176IE5. In the latter case, the frequency of the master oscillator should be about 50 Hz.

For the same purpose, the KR512PS10 chip is well suited [2. 3). Unused microcircuit inputs should be connected to a common wire or a positive power wire. The last recommendation does not apply to the KR512PS10 chip. because it contains resistors that "ground" all inputs.

Literature

1. Alekseev S. The use of K176 series microcircuits. - Radio. 1984. No. 5. p. 36-40.
2. Biryukov S. Frequency divider generator KR512PS10. - Radio. 2000. No. 7. p. 51. 52.
3. Biryukov S. Application of the KR512PS10 chip. - Radio. 2000, no. 8. p. 44.

Author: S. Biryukov

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