Probe for testing oxide capacitors. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Beginner radio amateur
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A little free time and a minimum of parts will be needed to assemble the proposed probe (Fig. 2), with which you can not only approximately estimate the capacitance of the tested capacitors, but also identify those whose leakage current exceeds 100 μA The "main part" of the probe is piezoceramic sounder BF1 with built-in generator. If you connect the capacitor Cx to the sockets XS1, XS2 and press the SB1 button, the capacitor will start charging through the sound emitter. A beep will sound.
As the capacitor charges, the current in the circuit will decrease, the voltage across the sound emitter will drop. The sound will fade. When the voltage on the sounder becomes less than 1 V, the sound will stop.
The duration of the beep depends on the capacitance of the capacitor. If it is 0,1uF, a short click will be heard. And with a capacitance of 4700 microfarads, the sound is heard for 25 seconds.
Resistor R1 quickly discharges the capacitor when the button is released. Diodes VD1, VD2 protect the sound emitter if a charged capacitor is connected to the sockets when the button is accidentally pressed.
If the capacitor being tested has a significant leakage current, or is accidentally connected to the sockets in reverse polarity, a constant sound will be heard, but with a lower volume. The same effect is observed when testing capacitors with a capacity of more than 470 microfarads with a significant leakage current.
It is easy to guess that you can estimate the approximate capacitance of the capacitor by the duration of the sound when the capacitor is connected to the probe sockets, and the leakage current can be estimated by reducing the volume of the sound or stopping it.
It is permissible to test capacitors with a rated voltage of 6,3 V with a probe. If you need to check lower-voltage (but not less than 3 V) capacitors, you should halve the voltage of the supply battery. In any case, protective diodes can be any of the series KD105, KD208, KD209, KD243. Power source - battery "Krona" or a power supply with an output voltage of 6 ... 10 V.
Author: A.Butov, village of Kurba, Yaroslavl region
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