Parallel connection of circuit elements. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Parallel connection of circuit elements. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electricity for beginners

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When two conductors are connected in parallel, the electrical circuit has two branches. Branching points of conductors are called nodes. In them, the electric charge does not accumulate, i.e., the electric charge entering the node over a certain period of time is equal to the charge leaving the node over the same time. It follows that:

I = I₁ + I₂,

where I is the current strength in an unbranched circuit.

When the conductors are connected in parallel, the voltage across them will be the same. Parallel connection of conductors is shown in fig. 2.

Parallel connection of circuit elements
Rice. 2. Parallel connection of two conductors: points a and b - nodes

Let us denote the resistances of two conductors connected in parallel R1 and R2. Using Ohm's law for sections of an electrical circuit with given resistances, it can be revealed that the reciprocal of the total resistance of the section ab is equal to the sum of the reciprocals of the resistances of individual conductors, i.e.:

1/R = 1/R₁ +1/R₂

It follows from this:

R=R₁R₂/ (R₁ + R₂)

This formula is valid only for determining the total resistance of two conductors connected in parallel.

The reciprocal of resistance is called conductivity.

With a parallel connection of conductors, their resistance and current strength are related by the relationship:

I₁/I₂ = R₂/R₁

Author: Smirnova L.N.

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