Electric fence. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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An electric fence consisting of a single-wire line and a voltage conversion device can be temporarily used to fence off cattle grazing areas.

The single-wire line is made on metal racks. At the racks, one end is pointed, and the other end is threaded for screwing porcelain insulators. On, the insulators fix the wire stretched between the racks. The length of the line can reach 2000 m or more.

The voltage conversion device is assembled according to the diagram shown in the figure. The load of a widespread voltage converter, the main parts of which are transistors T1 and T2, transformer Tr1, battery B1, is the ignition coil KZ1. One end of the secondary winding of the coil is grounded, and the second, high-voltage, is connected to a single-wire line.

Metal racks are made 120 cm long. A bracket is welded to the rack at a distance of 20 cm from the pointed end, which serves to press the rack with the foot into the ground. In the manufacture of a single-wire line, you can use steel wire used to knit bales of straw or hay.

All parts of the voltage converter are placed on a plate measuring 130x130 mm, made of insulating material (getinax, plywood, etc.). The plate is placed in a box where the battery and ignition coil are located.

In the voltage converter, transistors P201 and P217 can be used. For better cooling, they are placed on aluminum radiators with dimensions of 100x50x5 mm.

The converter transformer Tr1 is assembled using a sh12x12 or sh16x16 core. Winding 1 contains 14 turns with a tap from the middle of the PEL wire 0,7. It is first wound on the frame in two wires at once. Winding II has 60 turns tapped from the middle. It is made with PEL 1,0 wire. Winding III is wound last, containing 120 -130 turns of PEL 1,0 wire. There should be two or three layers of insulating paper between the windings.

The ignition coil can be from a car or motorcycle at 12 or 6 V.

The described electric fence has been working flawlessly for three seasons on the cultivated pasture of the Path to Communism collective farm in the Volgograd Region.

Editorial note. We asked to comment on the article about the electric fence Comrade. I. R. Viksna, Deputy Head of the Department of the Head Specialized Design Bureau for the complex of machines for cattle farms. Here is what he told us.

Electric fence, proposed by Comrade. A. Shilenko, has its advantages and disadvantages. Its advantages include the use of porcelain insulators, which have high insulating properties even in rainy weather (insulators have a so-called "dry zone"). The battery that powers the device is safe and easy to handle. Since the output impedance of the converter, determined by the resistance of the secondary winding of the ignition coil, is large, when an animal touches it, the output voltage will decrease from several thousand to 10-30 V.

The disadvantages of the fence include the use of uncoated steel wire, which increases its corrosion. It is better to use galvanized steel wire. The battery that powers the fence requires frequent charging, which increases the cost of the device. The electric fence converter is inefficient and has a low efficiency. If you increase the power output of the converter and reduce its output impedance, then the efficiency of the electric fence will increase, but such a fence can become dangerous for animals and humans. In this case, it is necessary to use a generator operating in a pulsed mode instead of a converter.

Therefore, the described electric fence is safe to handle and can be used for fencing small areas or for grazing horses, which are 10 times more sensitive to electric current than cattle. The electric fence can be temporarily used if it is not possible to purchase a mass-produced electric fence IE-200 through the local agricultural associations.

Author: A. Shilenko, Yelan, Volgograd region; Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru

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