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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Simple tachometer. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Automobile. Speedometers and tachometers

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A simple automobile tachometer, the diagram of which is shown in the figure, is designed to measure the crankshaft speed of carburetor engines with an electrical system in which the minus of the battery is connected to the housing.

The basis of the circuit is a single pulse shaper, assembled on a CD4007 microcircuit (domestic analogue - K176LP1). The shaper is started by positive pulses that occur at the moment of opening the breaker contacts.

Simple tachometer

Device RA1, connected to the output of the shaper through the limiting resistor R5, measures the voltage across the measuring capacitor C1, which is proportional to the frequency of the input pulses with an accuracy of no worse than 1...2%.

The pulse repetition rate is 30 times less than the frequency of rotation of the crankshaft of a four-stroke engine.

Author: T.Tikhomirov, Chita

See other articles Section Automobile. Speedometers and tachometers.

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Rotating neutron stars to test and calibrate atomic clocks 06.01.2019

We have repeatedly talked about atomic clocks, which provide high-precision time reading, on the pages of our website. And, of course, many of our readers have repeatedly wondered how the values ​​​​of the characteristics of these watches were obtained, because in order to measure something with a certain accuracy, a measuring tool with at least an order of magnitude higher accuracy is required. We do not know how other organizations that have atomic clocks at their disposal, but the European Space Agency uses the signals of distant rotating neutron stars and pulsars to synchronize their clocks, the signals emitted by which have sufficiently high stability and accuracy.

This project, called "PulChron", is the development of scientists from the University of Manchester, the British National Physical Laboratory and private company GMV. The system created during this project is already partly used to synchronize the atomic clocks that power the European Galileo satellite navigation system. Moreover, long-term measurements of pulsar signals, combined with measurements of vibrations of vibrating atoms in clocks, make it possible to obtain even more accurate timing than either of the components of the system separately allows.

Physicist Jocelyn Bell Burnell first discovered a pulsar in 1967 when she noticed a radio signal coming from deep space with a period of 1,34 seconds. Note that this signal was received by the antennas of the Interplanetary Scintillation Array telescope of the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory. At present, it is already known that pulsars are neutron stars, small and very dense remnants of the explosions of massive stars, which rotate at times at great speed and emit a directed beam of radiation that is periodically directed towards the Earth.

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The PulChron system is not the first "pulsar" chronometric system; moreover, it still exists in its first, one might say, demo version. But once this system is operational in its final form, it will be used not only to power the satellite navigation system, but also to measure the exact value of the Greenwich meridian time (Coordinated Universal Time, UTC).

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