The work of wind turbines on the power system. Scheme, description

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The work of wind turbines on the power system. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

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The mechanical energy of the wind wheel is transmitted through a gearbox and a split coupling to an asynchronous generator located in the wind turbine capsule. Direct current from several wind turbines that are part of the WPP is converted into alternating current with a standard frequency and fed into the power system. The world wind power industry has worked out methods for frequency synchronization and group regulation of wind turbines when working on a power system, maintaining frequency during shocks associated with a change in wind speed.

The ABB company proposed to use a high voltage DC generator (up to 20 kV) instead of an asynchronous generator. In this case, the gearbox, soft start system, and transformer become unnecessary, and the overall dimensions and weight of the capsule are accordingly reduced. The energy from the wind turbine is supplied by cable to the common converter of the station and from it to the network.

Wind speed varies during the day, experiences seasonal and other changes. Accordingly, the power generated by wind power plants changes, surges and dips in their share in the load of the power system take place. Therefore, in order to maintain the frequency of the current, it is necessary to have a reserve of reserve capacities in the power system. The easiest way to solve this problem is to work together on the power system of wind and hydraulic stations, including pumped storage power plants. The surplus energy that is generated by the wind farm during the hours of minimum consumption by the power system can be accumulated by pumping water into the pool located above. It can be used by pumping compressed air into underground tanks, or generating hydrogen fuel by electrolyzing water.

In Russia, the production of wind power plants "Rainbow" has been started at JSC "Tushino mashzavod". Russian power engineering has sufficient experience to solve mechanical and electromechanical problems in the development and production of wind turbines. True, there is no experience in manufacturing the most critical parts - large-sized wind turbine blades. Concerns have been raised about the installation rotor freezing in winter, especially when working on the coast of the Kola Peninsula, where cold air is adjacent to the non-freezing sea. According to the literature, in Denmark and northern Germany, operating wind turbines do not freeze in winter - apparently, the vibrations of the fiberglass blades shake off the adhering ice particles. However, when the wind turbine is stopped, the icing of the rotor can cause breakdowns.

Author: Labeish V.G.

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