Wind turbine. Introduction. Materials and fixtures. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Wind turbine. Introduction. Materials and fixtures. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

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These schemes are for the design of a vertical axis wind turbine modeled after the design of the Finnish scientist S. J. Savonius in 1922. His idea is to install two half-cylinders on a vertical shaft. It was easy to build and could take wind from any direction.

Wind turbine. Introduction. Materials and fixtures
Savonius wind turbine

However, there was something less efficient than the more common horizontal axis turbines. The reason for the difference was aerodynamics. From horizontally axial turbines there are blades that create a lift to rotate the rotor. Whereas the vertical projection of the axis we are using here is based on resistance - one side creates more resistance in the moving air than the other, which causes the shaft to rotate.

This wind turbine model produces its electricity with a simple generator that creates pulsed current or alternating current. It works by passing strong magnets through windings of thin wire. Each time a magnet passes through a coil, that coil is charged with electricity. As a result of a series connection of 4 windings, an increase of four times the electrical voltage occurs.

This simplest and possibly the most efficient way to generate electricity is the same basic principle used in almost all wind turbines, even large commercial ones. The electricity generated by wind turbines changes with the speed of the wind, so to put it into practice, you must be able to store it in batteries, or change its shape to give a stable constant electrical voltage. Typically, electricity from wind turbines is converted from AC to DC, which can be used to charge batteries.

Wind turbine. Introduction. Materials and fixtures
wind turbine

Safety Precautions

Stationery knives and scissors can be dangerous! Be careful when cutting materials with them. The blades of most utility knives can be extended and closed. Extend blades just enough to cut materials, no more. Be sure they are blocked during cutting.

Hot glue guns can cause severe burns if they come into contact with the skin.

The magnets you use can cause serious damage to computers or other electronic devices. Keep them away from credit cards, computer disks, audio tapes, and any material that contains information magnetically.

Tools

Wind turbine. Introduction. Materials and fixtures

Materials

Quantity	Subject	Source
1	Transparent plastic bottle (size 1,5 l.)	grocery stores
1	Base (base) 14 cm x 25 cm, thickness 2 cm, plywood, a piece of board (cardboard or lumber (1x6)	Hardware store (hardware store) or household goods store or wood waste store.
120 m (approx.)	Enamelled wire size 28 for electromagnet winding	Workshops for the repair of electric motors, rooms with power supply.
4	Sparse grounded disc magnets (2-2,5 cm in diameter)	Tool shop
80 - 100 cm	Square dowels: 2 pieces - 30 cm long and 1 piece - 20 cm long	Household Goods Store
1	Round wooden dowel (6 mm or A") 30 cm long	Household Goods Store
1	Light emitting diode (LED) size 5 mm	Electronic Equipment Store
4	Washers with shock absorbers	Household Goods Store
1	Screw (wood screw) (#8, 5/8t inch, square slot)	Household Goods Store
1	Loop screw (25mm or 7/8")	Household Goods Store
1	Corrugated cardboard or foam board, 60 cm by 20 cm	Waste baskets, stationery store or art stores.
6	Staples (3 cm square dowels, both ends cut at 45 degrees)	Cut square dowels short or replace with other materials to support the posts.
1	Stationery glue	Stationery store

Patterns

Wind turbine. Introduction. Materials and fixtures

Author: Dave Mussel

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