Mini hydroelectric power station on the whirlpool principle. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources
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Austrian inventor Franz Zotlöterer from the town of Obergrafendorf came up with an unusual scheme for small hydropower plants. His project is called "Whirlpool Technology" (Wasserwirbeltechnik), and the mini-hydroelectric power station is called "Gravity Whirlpool Station".
In order to avoid negative environmental consequences during the construction of dam mini-hydro power plants, the inventor proposed to divert part of the flow near the coast into a special channel that directs water to the dam.
The dam is a concrete cylinder, to which water approaches tangentially, collapsing in the center in depth. Thus, a whirlpool is formed in the center of the cylinder, which spins the turbine. This type of mini hydroelectric power station is the most optimal for power plants with a capacity of up to 150 kW. Good efficiency appears starting from a height difference of 0,7 m.
The efficiency of converting the energy of falling water in such a mini-hydroelectric power station into current reaches 73%. An experimental sample installed on a stream generated over 50 MWh of electricity with a working water height difference of 1,3 m and a flow rate of 1 m9,5/sec. The maximum electric power of such a mini-station reaches XNUMX kW.
Under the action of such a mini-hydroelectric power plant, the rotation speed of the turbine is low and for fish caught in a whirlpool, the wheel blades do not pose a danger. In addition, the blades do not cut through the water, but rotate synchronously with the whirlpool.
Another environmental advantage of this project is the mixing of pollutants in the whirlpool and good aeration of the water, which contributes to the intensive work of microorganisms that naturally purify it.
The whirlpool formed in a mini-hydroelectric power station contributes to thermoregulation in a reservoir - an increased area of contact of water with air leads to its cooling in summer; in winter, the hydroelectric power station continues to operate under the ice, the densest water gravitates towards the center of the whirlpool, an ice crust forms along the edges of the cylinder, which acts as a heater that does not allow the center to cool too much.
The cost of a trial sample of a mini-hydroelectric power station was 75 thousand dollars.
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