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Invisible solar cell suitable for window glass
23.07.2022
A team of scientists from Tohoka University (Japan) has created an almost invisible solar cell using indium tin oxide (ITO) as a transparent electrode and tungsten disulfide (WS2) as a photoactive layer. They published the results of the study in the scientific journal nature.
It is noteworthy that the transparency of the solar battery reaches 79%. This will allow in the future to use these devices to equip "smart" homes, inserting them into windows instead of glass, to cover the screens of various gadgets like a smartphone and a fitness bracelet. The transparent solar panel will power wearable and mobile devices, saving people from having to carry a charger with them and depend on an outlet.
WS2 (tungsten disulfide) is a thin monolayer semiconductor composed of a transition metal and a chalcogen. According to scientists, this material is ideal for creating almost "invisible" solar panels. Bonding of indium tin oxide and tungsten disulfide (ITO-WS2) is achieved by sputtering ITO onto a quartz substrate and growing a WS2 monolayer using chemical vapor deposition. The contact barrier between WS2 and ITO was controlled by depositing thin metal layers on top of ITO (Mx/ITO) and a thin layer of WO3 between Mx/ITO and the WS2 monolayer.
As a result, the height of the Schottky barrier increased sharply (up to 220 meV), which increased the efficiency of charge carrier separation in this solar battery. The Schottky barrier is a barrier that appears in the contact layer of a semiconductor adjacent to a metal, equal to the difference in the work functions of the metal and the semiconductor.
As a result, the researchers found that the energy conversion efficiency of the electrode-optimized (WO3/Mx/ITO) solar cell was more than 1000 times higher than that of a device using a conventional ITO electrode.
The researchers calculated that a 1cm solar cell with a very high average visible light transmittance (79%) could increase its total output to 420pW. This became clear in the course of experiments that scientists conducted several times in a row.
Only in the USA the area of glass surfaces is from 5 to 7 billion square meters. m - from phone screens to skyscrapers. "Imagine the huge amount of electricity that could be produced if we could glaze these areas with such solar panels."
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