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AT LEISURE
To help the erudite. Database on the history, geography, biology, science, technology, sport, culture, traditions of the peoples of the world. According to the materials of the press and the Internet.
As experiments conducted in Japan have shown, sessions of staying in a sauna at 60 degrees Celsius for 15 minutes daily for two weeks improve the condition of the walls of blood vessels and cardiac activity in patients with chronic heart failure. As joint studies of Russian and French scientists have shown, Baikal is becoming wider by 4-5 millimeters every year. The lake is a deep split in the earth's crust at the point where Mongolia moves east from Siberia. The expansion rate of this fault is 2-5 times higher than predicted by theoretical deformation models of the Asian Platform. As researchers at the University of Rajasthan in India have shown, three months of yoga for an hour a day (except weekends) can reduce the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks by 70%. As experiments at the Technical University in Dresden (Germany) have shown, the euro is a truly hard currency. The new European coins are superior to many others in terms of hardness and abrasion resistance. As shown by experiments conducted by Australian physiotherapists on 2600 young volunteers, warming up before exercise does not reduce the frequency of injuries. As Japanese researchers have shown, if you drink a glass of milk every day from a cow that has previously received a vaccination against streptococcus, which causes caries, then the risk of caries will be significantly reduced. The Japanese infected the oral cavity of rats with streptococcus, and then gave them milk from vaccinated cows. Antibodies in the milk worked: these rats developed significantly fewer tooth enamel defects than rats fed regular milk. As Japanese dentists have shown, caries develops faster in zero gravity than on Earth. On the teeth of mice launched into space, microorganisms that cause caries multiplied more actively than usual. It is believed that in weightlessness, saliva is worse distributed over the oral cavity and poorly washes microorganisms from the teeth. According to a study conducted at Cornell University (USA), raising the temperature in the office from 20 to 25 degrees Celsius reduces the number of typos by typists and computer operators by 40% and increases their productivity by one and a half times. A U.S. study has shown that lawyers produce about 30 percent more of the male sex hormone testosterone while speaking in court, both in men and women. This hormone, among other things, is responsible for aggressive behavior. According to experts, by 2005 the UK will completely switch to digital television. But since a conventional television receiver that is constantly in standby mode (when the red light on the front panel is on) consumes one watt, and a digital one consumes 16, then household energy consumption will increase by 325 - 500 megawatts, even if no one watches TV. That is, it is necessary, as it were, to build a large power plant only to feed digital television receivers. As British geologists suggest, 251 million years ago, after the most powerful volcanic eruptions in Siberia, the Earth's ozone layer was completely destroyed. The red-hot lava reacted with deposits of coal and common salt, causing large amounts of ozone-destroying halogen compounds to be released into the air. During this period, many plants and animals died out. According to the English magazine New Scientist, a compound has been invented in the USA that makes any sealed envelope, even thick brown paper, transparent for a short time. By applying this liquid to the envelope, you can read and photograph its contents. The liquid does not leave marks on the envelope or letter, does not wash out the ink, is non-toxic and non-hazardous, and its specific smell disappears after 10-15 minutes. The composition is available in aerosol cans and is sold only to law enforcement agencies. According to the French Institute of Sanitary Supervision, after a solar eclipse on August 11, 1999, 27 French people who looked at the Sun without a protective filter turned to ophthalmologists. 20 of them showed a decrease in visual acuity. Up to 70% of the world's coral reefs are now heavily damaged, according to speakers at the recent International Coral Reef Symposium in Okinawa. Corals in Southeast Asia and the Caribbean have been particularly hard hit. According to the leading British climatologist Michael Grubb, humanity can use the oil and gas reserves available in the depths. They don't have enough carbon for the carbon dioxide produced when burned to cause serious global warming. You need to be more careful with coal: its carbon reserves are 10 times higher. According to the World Health Organization, half of all hospital beds in the world are occupied by people who get sick because of dirty water. According to British geneticists, modern man inherited the gene for red hair from the Neanderthal. The conclusion is made on the basis of the age of this gene: it is at least 50 years old, and maybe even 000 years old. There were no modern Homo sapiens in Europe at that time, it came later from Africa. According to meteorologists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA), the severity of winter in Western Europe and the eastern United States depends on how much snow falls in Siberia in late autumn. According to the author of his doctoral dissertation, recently defended at the University of Bristol (England), from 1901 to 1964, practically not a single stone of the famous megalithic monument - Stonehenge remained untouched. The lopsided stones were straightened (although no one can confidently assert that their inclined position was not set by the builders), the fallen ones were raised. According to British and Czech doctors, consumption of 4 to 9 liters of beer per week is good for the heart and blood vessels. According to Brazilian scientists, if during the fermentation of sugar cane juice it is exposed to an electromagnetic field of ultra-low frequencies, the yield of ethyl alcohol increases by 17%. The mechanism of the effect is unclear. According to Canadian physicists and ornithologists, by studying the isotopic composition of moisture captured from the atmosphere by the feathers of migratory birds, one can trace the route of their flight. According to Chinese experts, contrary to popular belief, the Great Wall of China is not visible to astronauts from orbit with the naked eye. The maximum width of the wall in some areas is 10 meters, and the human eye can notice a line of such thickness from a distance of no more than 36 kilometers. Satellites fly at an altitude of at least 200 kilometers. According to neurologists from the University of Heidelberg, the presence of foci of inflammation in the roots of teeth with caries doubles the risk of stroke. There is one and a half times more calcium in the Universe than previously thought. This was shown by the X-ray telescope on the XMM-Newton satellite, created by the European Space Agency. Canadian astronomers have discovered the fastest rotating neutron star: it makes 716 revolutions per second. Canadian doctors have developed a way to determine the predisposition to scoliosis (curvature of the spine) through a blood test. The method will undergo extensive clinical testing in 2007-2008. Canadian and British meteorologists argue that the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere not only leads to a greenhouse effect, but also changes atmospheric pressure. After analyzing global data on atmospheric pressure for 1948-1998, they found that during this time over the tropical Atlantic, over southern Europe and northern Africa, air pressure was constantly increasing, while at the Earth's poles and in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean it was falling. Canadian breeders with the help of genetic engineering have developed a new breed of pigs, which absorbs the phosphorus contained in food better than conventional breeds. Therefore, their manure contains 20-50 percent less phosphorus than ordinary pig manure, and as a result, it is less harmful to the environment. Canadian scientists measured the total area of snowflakes in one gram of snow. It is 0,06 - 0,37 square meters. Knowing this value is necessary in order to calculate how much dirt the snow can capture from the air, falling to the ground. Canadian farmers protest against secret experiments conducted by two firms with transgenic wheat. In fifty fields, the location of which is kept secret, wheat was sown last spring with genes for resistance to fungal diseases and herbicides. To prevent crops from being attacked by fighters with transgenic products and competitors seeking to steal a new variety, the places where the experiments were carried out were not advertised. Farmers fear that the pollen from the transgenic will get into their conventional wheat fields and turn it transgenic, which buyers may not like. Canadian chemists have developed a way to convert lignin to vanillin. Lignin is a constituent of wood that is wasted during paper production. Vanillin is now obtained either from vanilla vine pods, which is expensive, or by synthesis from petroleum, which can be put to better use. A raindrop falling to the ground releases an impact energy equal to two nanojoules. French engineers intend to create a power plant that will generate electricity from rain to power low-power electronic devices, such as weather sensors. Catholic theologians now count 219 types of heresy. China and India now burn 45% of all coal consumed by mankind. China plans to build 17 nuclear power reactors with a total capacity of more than 30 megawatts over the next 32 years. China, long a classic cycling powerhouse, is moving to the car. In 1990, there were 5,5 million cars in the country, today there are more than 16 million, and half of them are privately owned. In 2003, the country ranked fourth in the global list of car manufacturers with 4,4 million crews. The Chinese authorities have decided to take strict measures against plants and factories that pollute the rivers. The Inspectorate for Nature Protection, having surveyed 1162 enterprises last summer, closed 400 of them, and another 452 will be closed if treatment facilities are not built. Chinese dentists recommend rinsing your mouth daily with black tea for 30 seconds. Polyphenolic compounds in tea kill germs that cause cavities. But, experts emphasize, this measure does not cancel brushing your teeth. When English people write to each other, 49% of the time they use e-mail, 29% send SMS, 10% of the correspondence is via the Internet using programs for live written dialogue, and 12% of the time the writer takes up pen and paper. Meteorologists estimate the amount of water in the atmosphere at 12 cubic kilometers. Of these, 900% are in the form of invisible vapor, and 98% are in the form of clouds - accumulations of microscopic droplets or ice crystals. Meteorologists estimate the amount of water in the atmosphere at 12 cubic kilometers. Of these, 900% are in the form of invisible vapor, and 98% are in the form of clouds - accumulations of microscopic droplets or ice crystals. The number of stars in the observable universe (a ball with a radius of 15 billion light years) is estimated at one hundred thousand quintillion (23 followed by XNUMX zeros). How many grains of sand would be needed to cover a country the size of France with a meter The number of stars in the observable universe (a ball with a radius of 15 billion light years) is estimated at one hundred thousand quintillion (23 followed by XNUMX zeros). So many grains of sand would be needed to cover a country the size of France with a meter layer of sand. The number of satellites of the planets of the solar system known to us has increased over the past five years from 64 to 129 and will continue to grow. The number of people over 65 in the world is increasing by 800 every month. Cell phones in Taiwan outnumbered the island's population by 0,7 percent, including newborn babies and deaf-mutes. Many Taiwanese people carry two phones with them, using one for business calls and the other for talking to family and friends. The number of Japanese macaques has increased tenfold since the end of World War II, from 10 to 15. Zoologist Kunio Watanabe has calculated that if no action is taken, by the year 150 there will be more monkeys than people on the Japanese islands. Already a hundred kilometers from Tokyo, you can find large groups of macaques behaving aggressively in search of food. They even rob grocery stores. A mosquito sucking on blood could burst if it didn't produce a hormone that promotes the rapid removal of excess water. American biologists hope to synthesize an insecticide based on this hormone that will kill mosquitoes by drying them out, but will be harmless to all other animals. Comet Hyakutake, which we admired in 1996, will next visit our sky only in the year 31446. A commission checking the state of a secret British nuclear bomb plant found about a thousand safety violations at the plant, and the plant was not closed just because the Ministry of Defense declared it an absolute necessity for the country's security. The UN Committee for Environmental Protection has published calculations according to which, if in the next half century it is not possible to reduce the emission of gases that cause climate warming, then human losses will amount to 300 billion dollars a year. This will happen due to the flooding of coastal cities and fields, the frequency of tropical cyclones and hurricanes, and the destruction of coastal ecological systems. Computer studies conducted in England have shown that 20-25 jaw movements are required for the best chewing of a piece of raw carrot.
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