General instructions for coloring sheepskins and furs. simple recipes

Free technical library

FACTORY TECHNOLOGIES AT HOME - SIMPLE RECIPES
Free library / Directory / Factory technology at home - simple recipes

General instructions for coloring sheepskins and furs. Simple recipes and tips

Factory technologies - simple recipes

Directory / Factory technology at home - simple recipes

Comments on the article

When coloring sheepskins and furs in light colors, it is necessary to pre-bleach the hair. The best, very simple and cheap method, which gives good results, is sulfur bleaching, or the so-called "fumigation". This "fumigation" of the skins is best done when wet.

The skins are hung on poles, placed on boards or stretched over frames. You need to place them so that they do not touch each other. The room where fumigation is carried out must be tightly closed. Sulfur in pieces or in powder is placed in cups or pans, doused with alcohol and set on fire. The skins remain indoors for 12 hours, after which the sulfur dioxide is released outside. You must be very careful when working with sulfur dioxide, as it is poisonous and can easily poison workers. If bleaching was insufficient, this operation is repeated again.

Another way of bleaching is that the skin is treated with a solution of bisulfite, and then placed in a weak solution of sulfuric or hydrochloric acid. Instead of two baths, you can prepare one acidified bisulfite bath.

acidified bisulfite bath is compiled as follows:

Bisulfite solution 3 kg;
Water 100 l;
Hydrochloric acid 750 g.

Hydrochloric acid is pre-diluted in 1 liter of water.

A commercial solution of bisulfite contains 15-18% sulfurous acid associated with sodium. By adding sulfuric or hydrochloric acid to the solution, we release sulfurous acid from bisulfite.

The skins are immersed in a bath and left there until bleaching. Hydrochloric acid can be added to the bath if it is not enough. The bleaching time is established by practice. When the skins turn noticeably white, they should be removed and thoroughly washed in warm water at 35-40 °C. In practice, this bleaching is unnecessary when the fur is dyed dark colors; When painting in light colors, bleaching is necessary.

After cleaning the skins, degreasing is carried out to remove traces of fat remaining in the skin after washing. For this purpose, apply a mixture of chalk and water to the inner side. Chalk is mixed with water to obtain a thick paste and applied to the flesh with a brush. On the collar and rump a thicker layer is applied. After this, the skins are blown into a room with a high temperature of up to 40 ° C for drying. If necessary, the operation is repeated again. Once all the fat has been extracted, the hides are ready for chlorination.

Chlorination aims to make hair more susceptible to dyeing. The chlorination process involves exposing the hair for a short time to a solution of bleaching lime with a strength of 0,3 °Be. The skins are processed in this way for half an hour to 2 hours, and it is necessary to ensure that the wool fiber is not damaged. The strength of the solution should not be higher than 0,3 °Be, otherwise the wool can be damaged and the skin will deteriorate.

After chlorination, the skin goes sour. For this purpose, the washed skins are immersed in dilute sulfuric acid. The concentration of the solution should not exceed 250-500 g of strong sulfuric acid per 100 liters of water. The skins remain in this solution for several minutes, then they are thoroughly washed and dyed.

Bleached and chlorinated hides are thoroughly washed, pulled through a weak sulfuric acid solution and rinsed to remove traces of sulfuric acid. Dyeing sheepskin in light colors is made difficult by the fact that aniline dyes do not adhere firmly to the wool of the skins at medium temperatures. Dyeing is carried out for the most part at a dye bath temperature of no higher than 45 °C.

Of the most commonly used dyes for this purpose, the following can be named: safranin, bismarck brown, chrysodia, methylene green, methylene blue, malachite green, methyl violet, etc. The disadvantages of the main dyes include the ability to dye the ends of the hair more intensively than the roots. In addition, the coloring is not sufficiently resistant to mechanical friction.

For uniform coloring of the hair, a small amount of acetic acid and Glauber's salt should be added to the dye bath. Color fastness can be improved by thorough rinsing and a light bath of tannins (sumac, catechu, chestnut, and quebracho).

brown tone

A good brown color, which is in great demand in the market, is obtained as follows:

Take for each pair of skins about 50% of one of the above tannins; it is immersed in the solution for 0,5-1 hour of the skin, allowed to flow and treated with a solution of oxalic kalititan salt, taken in an amount of 25 g per pair of skins. 12-15 g of acetic acid and about 100 g of Glauber's salt are added to the solution.

Yellowish brown tone

Methylene, blue or green 1 wt. hours;
Auramine 2-3 wt. h.

leaf green tone

Methylene green 4 wt. hours;
Chrysoidin 1 wt. h.

golden tone

Auramine 10 wt. hours;
Bismarck brown 1 wt. h.

brown tone

Auramine 12 wt. h.
Bismarck brown 12 wt. hours;
Methylene blue 1 wt. h.

Dark blue tone

First stain black as above, then top with methylene blue.

carmine tone

Safranin 4 wt. hours;
Auramine 1 wt. h.

Dark green tone

Chrysoidin 1 wt. hours;
Methylene green 1 wt. hours;
Auramine 3 wt. h.

Brilliant green tone

Methylene green 1 wt. hours;
Auramine 15 wt. h.

The skins are left in the solution until the coloring of the desired depth is obtained. This is followed by thorough rinsing, dewatering, refinishing, drying and finishing.

Author: Korolev V.A.

We recommend interesting articles Section Factory technology at home - simple recipes:

▪ Waxing wood wood

▪ Eau de Toilette

▪ Celluloid mass of gelatin

See other articles Section Factory technology at home - simple recipes.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

Advanced Infrared Microscope 02.05.2024

Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>

Air trap for insects 01.05.2024

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Children of older fathers live longer 24.06.2012

If your father and grandfather were not in a hurry to replenish the family, this can prolong your life and improve your health.

A study conducted by scientists at Northwestern University (USA) in the Philippines showed that not only children, but also grandchildren of men who postpone having offspring to a more mature age inherit long telomeres from them. Telomeres are the ends of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division. As the body ages, telomere length gradually decreases. The results of a number of studies indicate that the longer the telomeres, the slower a person ages and the longer he maintains good health.

The researchers suggest that if a man has children at a respectable age, he automatically gives them longer telomeres in order to "prepare" them for a long life in an environment with a low risk of early death and / or a low probability of success in finding a partner at a young age.

However, experts warn that the results of the study should not be regarded as a recommendation to postpone fatherhood "until later", since earlier work has shown that the older the man, the more likely it is that unfavorable mutations will be passed on to offspring. This can increase the risk of miscarriage and various health problems in children.

In the future, scientists plan to study the potentially positive impact of long telomeres inherited from older fathers on the health of their offspring.

Other interesting news:

▪ The evolution of sleep

▪ Walking as a cure for depression

▪ An electronic bracelet will check the cleanliness of the hands of doctors and cooks

▪ SAMSUNG SDI launches 38cm thick CRT TV

▪ New biomaterial to replace human bones

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the Electrician website. Article selection

▪ article Wartime Emergencies. Basics of safe life

▪ article Why can the American gesture for the phrase I Love You be confused with a rocker goat? Detailed answer

▪ Meteor article. Nature miracle

▪ article Disadvantages of fluorescent lamps. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Voltmeter - indicator for laboratory power supply. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews