Disadvantages of fluorescent lamps Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Fluorescent lamps. Disadvantages of fluorescent lamps Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Fluorescent lamps

Fluorescent lamps have some shortcomings. As a rule, all discharge lamps for normal operation require inclusion in the network together with a ballast.

Ballast, aka ballast (PRA), - an electrical device that provides ignition modes (but not always the ignition itself) and the normal operation of the LL.

The dependence of stable operation and ignition of the lamp on the ambient temperature is strong (the permissible range is 5-55 ° C, 20 ° C is considered optimal). Although this range is constantly expanding with the advent of new generation lamps and the use of electronic ballasts (electronic ballasts).

About ultraviolet. The nature of the gas discharge is such that any LL has a small fraction of the near ultraviolet in the spectrum. It is known that with an overdose of even natural sunlight, unpleasant phenomena can occur. In particular, excessive ultraviolet radiation can lead to skin diseases, eye damage.

But it has been proven that working for a year (240 working days for 8 hours a day) under artificial illumination of LL of cold white light with a very high level of illumination of 1000 lux (this is 5 times the optimal level of illumination in housing) corresponds to staying at open air in Davos (Switzerland) for 12 days in summer, one hour a day at noon.

It should be noted that real conditions in residential premises are ten times more forgiving than in the above example. Therefore, there is no need to talk about the dangers of conventional fluorescent lighting.

important question limitation of pulsation of the luminous flux. The fact is that outdated linear tubular LLs connected to the network using an electromagnetic ballast (most often used in lamps) create light not constant in time, but "micropulsating". With an alternating current frequency of 50 Hz available in the network, the pulsation of the light flux of the lamp occurs 100 times per second. And although this frequency is higher than the critical one for the eye and, therefore, the flickering of the brightness of the illuminated objects is not captured by the eye, the pulsation of lighting during prolonged exposure can adversely affect a person, causing increased fatigue, reduced performance.

In lamps with electronic high-frequency gear This feature of LL operation has been completely eliminated. Therefore, for traditional housing lighting with chandeliers, wall, floor, table lamps, it is advisable to use the above-mentioned compact fluorescent lamps.

About mercury. A drop of mercury is introduced into the lamp for its operation - 30-40 mg (in compact fluorescent lamps - 2-3 mg, and in some types of amalgam compact fluorescent lamps there is practically no mercury in its pure form - it is in a bound state).

Example. The thermometer that every family has contains 2 g (i.e., 100 times more than LL) of mercury.

Of course, if the lamp breaks, we should do the same as we do when we break a thermometer - carefully collect and remove mercury, but the presence of such an insignificant amount of mercury in the lamp does not seem to be a cause for serious concern.

Conclusions. LL in the house is not only a more economical light source than an incandescent lamp. Competent lighting with fluorescent lamps has many advantages over traditional ones: efficiency, abundance and brilliance of light, uniform distribution of the light flux, especially in cases where long objects are illuminated with linear lamps, lower lamp brightness and significantly less heat generation.

Author: Koryakin-Chernyak S.L.

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